电动轮汽车高效制动能量回收及制动防抱死控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 01:15

本文选题：轮毂电机驱动 + 制动能量回收　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：制动能量回收作为电动汽车独有的技术,能够在车辆减速制动时回收汽车的动能,是增加电动汽车续驶里程的重要手段之一。电动轮汽车,即轮毂电机驱动电动汽车以其噪声小、无污染、能量转化效率高、转矩高精度控制等优点成为汽车领域的研究热点。但是,目前对制动能量回收技术的研究大部分都是针对单轴驱动的纯电动或混合动力汽车,对轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的相关研究相对较少。因此,对轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的制动能量回收技术的研究具有重要的现实意义和理论意义。本文针对如何高效回收电动轮汽车的制动能量、合理进行制动力分配以及防止车轮抱死等关键问题进行研究。论文主要研究内容包括以下3个方面:1、根据轮毂电机驱动电动汽车不同于一般纯电动或混合动力汽车的结构特点,对用于电动轮汽车的再生制动系统进行研究。首先,分析了再生制动系统的功能需求和约束条件。其次,在对原车的液压制动系统进行简化的基础上设计了符合本文研究特点的复合再生制动系统的结构方案。最后确定了电动轮汽车复合再生制动系统的软件设计方案。2、根据整车制动力分配理论及制动过程的动力学分析,确定电动轮汽车的前后轴制动力分配曲线仍为原车的前后轴制动力分配曲线?线。针对电机-液压复合制动模式提出了基于模糊控制理论的电机再生制动力与液压制动力的分配控制策略。其基本思想是:以制动踏板位移l和电池的SOC值为输入变量,以电机再生制动力占总需求制动力的比例为输出变量,设计模糊控制器并制定相应的模糊逻辑推理规则,实现对电机再生制动与液压制动的协调控制。针对制动过程中发生车轮抱死的现象,提出了制动防抱死控制策略。3、在AMEsim软件平台中搭建15自由度电动轮汽车的整车仿真模型及再生制动系统和液压制动系统的仿真模型,在Matlab/Simulink软件平台中建立制动能量回收及制动防抱死控制策略模型。通过AMESim-Simulink的联合仿真,对电动轮汽车的基本制动性能、制动能量回收性能及制动防抱死控制效果进行验证分析。仿真结果表明本文所制定的控制策略在低轻度制动工况、中强度制动工况及高强度制动工况下都能够保证车辆的基本制动性能,实现制动能量的高效回收。另外,在低、中、高三种附着系数路面上的紧急制动时,也都能实现车轮的防抱死控制。从而也验证了本文所制定的制动能量回收及制动防抱死控制策略的可行性及合理性。
[Abstract]:Braking energy recovery, as a unique technology of electric vehicles, can recover the kinetic energy of vehicles when they slow down and brake. It is one of the important means to increase the driving range of electric vehicles. Electric wheel vehicle (EV), which is driven by hub motor, has become a research hotspot in automobile field because of its advantages of low noise, no pollution, high energy conversion efficiency, high torque precision control and so on. However, at present, most of the researches on braking energy recovery technology are aimed at single-axle drive pure electric vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles, and the research on hub motor driven electric vehicles is relatively few. Therefore, the research on braking energy recovery technology of electric vehicle driven by wheel hub motor has important practical and theoretical significance. In this paper, the key problems such as how to recover braking energy efficiently, how to distribute braking force reasonably and how to prevent wheel locking are studied. The main contents of this paper include the following three aspects: 1. According to the structural characteristics of the hub motor driven electric vehicle which is different from the ordinary pure electric or hybrid electric vehicle, the regenerative braking system for the electric wheel vehicle is studied. Firstly, the functional requirements and constraints of regenerative braking system are analyzed. Secondly, on the basis of simplifying the hydraulic braking system of the original vehicle, the structure scheme of the compound regenerative braking system which accords with the characteristics of this paper is designed. Finally, the software design scheme of compound regenerative braking system of electric wheel vehicle is determined. According to the theory of braking force distribution and the dynamic analysis of braking process, Determine that the front and rear axle braking force distribution curve of the electric wheel vehicle is still the original car front and rear axle brake force distribution curve? Line. Based on fuzzy control theory, the distribution control strategy of regenerative braking force and hydraulic braking force of motor is put forward. The basic idea is that the brake pedal displacement l and the SOC value of the battery are taken as input variables, and the proportion of regenerative braking force to the total required braking force is taken as the output variable. The fuzzy controller is designed and the corresponding fuzzy logic inference rules are worked out. The coordinated control of regenerative brake and hydraulic brake is realized. Aiming at the phenomenon of wheel locking during braking, this paper puts forward the braking anti-lock control strategy .3. the simulation model of 15 degree of freedom electric wheel vehicle and the simulation model of regenerative braking system and hydraulic braking system are built in the AMEsim software platform. The braking energy recovery and braking anti-lock control strategy model are established in Matlab / Simulink software platform. Through the joint simulation of AMESim-Simulink, the basic braking performance, braking energy recovery performance and braking anti-lock control effect of electric wheeled vehicle are verified and analyzed. The simulation results show that the control strategy developed in this paper can ensure the basic braking performance of the vehicle under low light braking condition, medium strength braking condition and high strength braking condition, and realize the efficient recovery of braking energy. In addition, in the low, middle and high adhesion coefficient on the road emergency braking, can also achieve anti-lock control wheel. The feasibility and rationality of braking energy recovery and braking anti-lock control strategy are also verified.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72;U463.526

【相似文献】