大学生方程式赛车车身气动造型的整体优化设计

发布时间：2018-06-18 12:41

本文选题：赛车 + 车身设计　；参考：《中北大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：赛车车身具有比较低的空气阻力系数可以使赛车在行驶时受到更小的空气阻力,从而提高赛车在加速赛中的最高行驶速度和耐力赛中的行驶里程,取得更好的成绩。所以赛车车身空气动力学优化设计是很重要的一项。赛车车身不仅需要低空气阻力系数,还需要满足车架的结构约束。为了全面考虑这两个要求,本文在大学方程式赛车车身设计中,引用理想形体设计法和整体优化法从整体的角度对赛车车身进行设计和优化。研究车身气动造型的整体优化设计方法在大学方程式大赛赛车上的应用。研究步骤为:1)参考已知理想形体建立低空气阻力系数的理想形体三维模型;2)对模型进行CFD仿真验证理想形体低气阻性能,3)提取理想模型特征曲线。4)根据车架结构特征点,生成车架结构曲线;5)把理想形体特征曲线与赛车车架结构曲线进行融合,生成赛车车身曲线,并建立赛车几何模型;6)对赛车车身三维模型进行CFD仿真获得车身空气动力学性能参数,并运用整体优化方法对赛车车身进行整体优化;7)对优化后赛车进行CFD仿真,并对仿真结果与前代赛车仿真结果进行对比分析。从研究结果显示,通过理想形体融合曲线建立的赛车车身几何模型,很好的保留了理想形体低气阻特性。同时在优化过程中,运用整体优化法对车身进行优化,极大的降低了优化工作量,提高了设计效率,并降低了局部优化之间产生的干扰,很好的延续了低气阻特性。最终CFD仿真结果对比显示,应用气动造型整体优化设计方法设计的车身较前代设计方案,空气阻力系数降低12.5%。
[Abstract]:The lower air resistance coefficient of the car body can make the car suffer less air resistance while driving, thus increasing the maximum speed and mileage of the race in the acceleration race, and getting better results. So the aerodynamics optimization design of the car body is very important. The car body not only needs low air resistance coefficient, but also needs to meet the structural constraints of the frame. In order to fully consider these two requirements, the ideal shape design method and the overall optimization method are used in the design of the car body of the university formula racing car body. The design and optimization of the car body are carried out from the overall point of view. This paper studies the application of the whole optimization design method of the body aerodynamic modeling in the university formula race car racing. The steps of the study are: (1) establishing a three-dimensional model of an ideal body with low air drag coefficient with reference to a known ideal body. (2) the model is verified by CFD simulation. (3) the characteristic curve of the ideal model is extracted. 4) according to the characteristic points of the frame structure, Generating frame structure curve 5) combining the ideal shape characteristic curve with the racing frame structure curve to generate the car body curve, The 3D model of the car body is simulated by CFD to obtain the aerodynamic performance parameters of the car body, and the overall optimization of the car body is carried out by using the overall optimization method (7) the CFD simulation of the optimized car body is carried out. The simulation results are compared with the previous race car simulation results. The results show that the geometry model of the car body established by the fusion curve of ideal body retains the characteristics of low air resistance of ideal body. At the same time, in the process of optimization, the whole optimization method is used to optimize the body, which greatly reduces the optimization workload, improves the design efficiency, and reduces the interference between local optimization. Finally, the results of CFD simulation show that the air resistance coefficient of the body designed by the aerodynamic modeling optimization design method is 12.5% lower than that of the previous design scheme.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.696;U461.1

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