基于AMESim的主动悬架建模及其对车辆相关性能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 12:14

【摘要】：随着现代技术的不断发展和经济水平的飞速迅猛增长,社会发展节奏变的越来越快,汽车行业更新换代的节奏也越来越快,同时对车辆的性能要求也不断提高,这就要求缩短新车型和新配件的研发和生产周期并提高性能。悬架系统作为车辆重要的组成部分,对车辆性能起着重要的作用。随着在汽车技术领域的不断突破,主动悬架技术以其优越的性能,正逐步成为悬架系统的主流技术。本文在对主动悬架的研究现状和发展趋势进行研究的基础上,选取主动液压悬架系统作为本文的研究对象。首先对主动液压悬架的主动力的作动器进行研究和建模,选取双筒减振器作为作动器,介绍其结构和工作原理,并对双筒减振器的数学模型进行分析,在此基础上通过多学科多领域交叉研究的软件平台AMESim建立作动器的仿真模型,依据数学模型搭建相应的力跟踪回路,并通过与台架试验数据进行拟合验证模型的正确性。然后对车辆的二自由度和七自由度的数学模型进行分析,并在对比目前各个主流控制策略的基础上选取最优控制策略作为本文的主动控制器,在Simulink中设计主动液压悬架的最优控制器,同时在Simulink中建立随机路面模型。随后在所建立作动器和控制器的基础上通过AMESim和Simulink联合仿真搭建主动液压悬架模型,并在AMESim中建立配备三种不同悬架系统的二自由度车辆模型以及将其他底盘子系统进行整合的整车模型。为进一步研究主动液压悬架对车辆性能的影响,对所建立的模型在相关工况下进行仿真分析,分别对配备被动、半主动和主动三种不同悬架系统的二自由度四分之一车辆进行时域分析和频域分析,仿真结果表明所建立的主动液压悬架系统对车辆的车身加速度、悬架动挠度和轮胎动载荷都有明显的优化效果,可明显改善车辆的平顺性能。此外,为了分析主动液压悬架对整车性能的优化效果,还将其放置在整车环境中进行分析,对整车的抗侧倾和抗俯仰进行相关仿真分析,结果表明主动控制可以很好地抑制车身的侧倾和俯仰运动,有效地提高了车辆的操纵稳定性能。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of modern technology and the rapid growth of economic level, the pace of social development is becoming faster and faster. This requires shorter R & D and production cycles for new models and accessories and improved performance. As an important part of vehicle, suspension system plays an important role in vehicle performance. With the continuous breakthrough in the field of automotive technology, active suspension technology, with its superior performance, is gradually becoming the mainstream technology of suspension system. Based on the research status and development trend of active suspension, the active hydraulic suspension system is selected as the research object of this paper. Firstly, the actuators of main power of active hydraulic suspension are studied and modeled. The double cylinder damper is selected as actuator, its structure and working principle are introduced, and the mathematical model of double cylinder shock absorber is analyzed. On this basis, the simulation model of actuators is established through the software platform AMESim, which is a multi-disciplinary and multi-domain cross-research software platform. The corresponding force tracking loop is built according to the mathematical model, and the correctness of the model is verified by fitting the data with the bench test data. Then the mathematical models of two degrees of freedom and seven degrees of freedom of vehicles are analyzed, and the optimal control strategy is selected as the active controller of this paper on the basis of comparing the current mainstream control strategies. The optimal controller of active hydraulic suspension is designed in Simulink, and the random pavement model is established in Simulink. Then the active hydraulic suspension model is built by AMESim and Simulink based on the actuators and controllers. The two-degree-of-freedom vehicle model with three different suspension systems and the whole vehicle model with other chassis subsystems are established in AMESim. In order to further study the effect of active hydraulic suspension on vehicle performance, the models are simulated and analyzed under relevant working conditions. The time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of 1/4 vehicles with two degrees of freedom for semi-active and active suspension systems are carried out. The simulation results show that the acceleration of the vehicle body is affected by the established active hydraulic suspension system. The dynamic deflection of suspension and the dynamic load of tire have obvious optimization effect, which can obviously improve the ride comfort of the vehicle. In addition, in order to analyze the optimization effect of active hydraulic suspension on vehicle performance, it is also placed in the whole vehicle environment to analyze the anti-roll and anti-pitching of the whole vehicle. The results show that active control can effectively restrain the roll and pitch motion of the vehicle and effectively improve the vehicle handling and stability performance.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.33

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