车架纵梁矫正机的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 13:55

【摘要】：重型特种车辆广泛应用于国防建设、油田作业、采矿、桥梁工程等特殊作业场合,军用特种车辆作为装载、运输、发射战略武器的多功能平台,是我国现代化国防设备的重要组成部分。车架作为重型特种车辆最为关键的部件之一,起到承载整个车辆重量的作用。然而,在生产过程中,由于车架纵梁结构的特殊性,在焊接加工过程中时常出现弯曲、变形等现象,这种情况降低了车架产品的生产效率和产品质量。采用人工矫正,费时费力,且存在安全隐患。本文针对车架纵梁的矫正展开分析设计,具有重要的应用价值。本文选题于某重型车辆企业委托定制的车架纵梁专用矫正机项目。由于车架纵梁的结构比较特殊,现有的矫正装置不能适用于这种结构。为了保证车架纵梁产品的质量,提高生产效率和排除安全隐患,急需研究设计一款简易的、经济性较好的专用矫正机。本文基于多次现场调研,以经济性、适用性和安全可靠性为基本原则,提出了一套龙门行走液压钳式车架纵梁矫正机的解决方案。首先,开发计设了矫正机的矫正钳、行走龙门以及配套的液压系统。上、下矫正钳可单独工作,钳口压力由电磁比例减压阀控制,压力调节范围为200kN至400kN,可在触摸屏上设置;其次,设计了基于PLC检测控制系统和变频调速行走控制系统,行走龙门由变频电机驱动,移动速度在0.5m/min至20m/min范围内可调。以WinCC flexible为开发环境绘制了一套功能合理、简单明了的操作界面,在触摸屏上即可监控矫正机液压泵、风冷却器、溢流阀等单元的工作状态;最后,进行了矫正机的试验调试,在自动矫正模式下调整矫正步距、钳口压力等参数,得到多组试验数据,验整了矫正机能够在自动矫正模式下满足平面度在0-5mm/10m范围内的矫正要求,试验结果表明本文对车架纵梁专用矫正机的研究达到了预期效果。
[Abstract]:Heavy-duty special vehicles are widely used in national defense construction, oil field operations, mining, bridge engineering and other special operational occasions. Military special vehicles are used as multi-functional platforms for loading, transporting and launching strategic weapons. It is an important part of modern national defense equipment in our country. As one of the most important parts of heavy-duty special vehicles, frame plays the role of carrying the whole vehicle weight. However, due to the particularity of the frame longitudinal beam structure, bending and deformation often occur in the welding process, which reduces the production efficiency and product quality of the frame products. Manual correction, time-consuming and laborious, and the existence of security risks. In this paper, the analysis and design of the correction of the frame longitudinal beam has important application value. This paper selected a heavy-duty vehicle enterprise commissioned custom-made frame longitudinal beam special corrector project. Due to the special structure of the frame longitudinal beam, the existing rectifier can not be applied to this kind of structure. In order to ensure the quality of the frame longitudinal beam, improve the production efficiency and eliminate the hidden dangers of safety, it is urgent to study and design a simple and economical special corrector. Based on many field investigations and taking economy, applicability and safety and reliability as the basic principles, this paper puts forward a set of solutions for gantry traveling hydraulic clamping rectifier for the longitudinal beam of the frame. First of all, the development of rectifier correction pliers, walking gantry and matching hydraulic system. The upper and lower correction forceps can work alone, the clamp pressure is controlled by electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve, and the pressure adjustment range is from 200kN to 400kN, which can be set up on the touch screen. Secondly, based on the PLC detection control system and the frequency conversion speed control system, the system is designed. The walking gantry is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the speed of movement is adjustable in the range of 0.5m/min to 20m/min. Using WinCC flexible as the development environment, a set of operation interface with reasonable function and simple and clear operation is drawn, which can monitor the working state of hydraulic pump, air cooler, relief valve and so on the touch screen. Finally, the test and debugging of the rectifier are carried out. In the automatic correction mode, adjusting the parameters such as step distance, clamping pressure and so on, many groups of test data are obtained, and the correction machine can meet the correction requirements of the planeness in 0-5mm/10m range in the automatic correction mode. The experimental results show that the research of the special straightener for the frame longitudinal beam in this paper has achieved the expected effect.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.32

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