基于ADI的汽车动力学硬件在环仿真

发布时间：2018-09-06 15:35

【摘要】：汽车悬架作为影响车辆振动的重要部件之一,不仅能够有效地传递车体与车轮间的作用力,而且能够缓冲外界各种因素给车身带来的的冲击,衰减车身的振动,从而提高汽车的行驶平顺性。硬件在环仿真,它是介于物理仿真和软件虚拟仿真之间的一种半实物仿真的方法,该仿真方法因为其建模成本低、仿真结果贴近实际的特点而备受青睐。本文通过介绍硬件在环仿真的结构特点,将其应用到汽车动力学的研究上面,并结合国内外研究近况,提出了基于ADI软件的汽车动力学硬件在环仿真方法。本文通过设计并制造四分之一汽车模型,包含车体质量块、承重梁、悬架弹簧、阻尼器和轮胎等多个部件,在振动试验台上进行了汽车模型的动力学仿真实验,然后利用速度和位移传感器将该模型与硬件在环软件系统相连接,成功搭建汽车模型的硬件在环激振系统;根据汽车动力学微分方程建立四分之一车辆和半车的Simulink仿真模型;运用Advantage Framework软件(简称ADI软件)分别对仿真模型进行半实物仿真,研究振动台对汽车模型分别提供正弦信号和随机信号条件下车体的振动响应情况。本文在振动试验台上进行动力学仿真实验,验证了四分之一汽车模型的正确性;应用硬件在环半实物仿真方法分别对四分之一车辆和半车Simulink模型进行仿真,通过采集汽车模型悬架部分车身和车轮的相对位移,成功仿真出车体的振动响应特性,将硬件在环软件系统仿真的振动响应结果与速度传感器实测结果、Matlab软件理论模型仿真振动响应结果进行对比分析,两者得到的车体振动响应曲线都能够很好地拟合,验证了仿真模型的正确性和硬件在环仿真方法的可行性,同时也为汽车悬架设计及参数修改提供了依据。
[Abstract]:As one of the important components that affect the vehicle vibration, automobile suspension can not only effectively transfer the force between the car body and the wheel, but also can cushion the impact of various external factors on the body and attenuate the vibration of the body. In order to improve the vehicle ride comfort. Hardware-in-loop simulation is a kind of hardware-in-loop simulation method between physical simulation and software virtual simulation. This simulation method is popular because of its low modeling cost and close to the actual characteristics. This paper introduces the structural characteristics of hardware in loop simulation and applies it to the research of automotive dynamics. Combined with the recent research situation at home and abroad, a method of hardware in loop simulation of vehicle dynamics based on ADI software is proposed. In this paper, the dynamic simulation experiment of 1/4 automobile model is carried out on the vibration test bench by designing and manufacturing the 1/4 vehicle model, which includes a mass block, a load bearing beam, a suspension spring, a damper and a tire, and so on. Then the model is connected with the hardware-in-the-loop software system by using the speed and displacement sensors, and the hardware-in-the-loop excitation system of the vehicle model is built successfully, and the Simulink simulation model of 1/4 vehicles and half vehicles is established according to the vehicle dynamics differential equation. In this paper, Advantage Framework software (ADI software) is used to simulate the simulation model respectively, and the vibration response of the car body under the condition that the vibration table provides sinusoidal signal and random signal to the vehicle model is studied. In this paper, the dynamic simulation experiments on the vibration test rig are carried out to verify the correctness of the 1/4 vehicle model, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation method is used to simulate the 1/4 vehicle and half-vehicle Simulink model, respectively. By collecting the relative displacement of the vehicle body and the wheels of the suspension, the vibration response characteristics of the vehicle body are successfully simulated. The results of vibration response simulated by hardware in loop software system and measured results of speed sensor are compared with those of Matlab software theory model. The vibration response curves obtained from both of them can be fitted well. The correctness of the simulation model and the feasibility of the hardware-in-loop simulation method are verified. At the same time, it also provides the basis for vehicle suspension design and parameter modification.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U461.1

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