子午线轮胎静动态特征仿真分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-09-12 11:03

【摘要】：轮胎刚度特性是影响整车操控性能的重要指标之一。特别是侧偏刚度特性,它对于车辆行驶过程中的侧倾、直线稳定性以及碰撞侧翻的安全性都有较大影响。因此,本文以128 205/60 R16子午线轮胎为例,将轮胎胎面、胎侧、帘线层、子午带束层等主要部分进行合理简化；为控制轮胎外形及其网格精度对模型求解的影响,对轮胎断面曲线尺寸进行合理计算并进行重新绘制。建立了由一维梁单元、二维壳单元、三维实体单元组合的子午线轮胎有限元模型。利用LS-DYNA软件模拟分析了轮胎在不同路况下的刚度特性。对比常见的全壳单元及全实体单元轮胎模型,建立了多个典型仿真工况进行对比分析,探讨了组合单元模型的求解精度及效率。提出利用有限元节点变形差值求解侧偏角的算法,利用Fiala理论推导和证明了轮胎接地印记半长与接地线性区域长度间的关系公式,从而解决了前人求解侧偏角过程中临界接地点的定位不准问题,提高了侧偏角计算的精度。利用所建立了的梁、壳、实体组合单元轮胎模型,进行了轮胎的径向刚度、侧向刚度和侧偏刚度的模拟计算和分析,并与试验结果进行了比较分析。结果表明,仿真分析和试验有较好的一致性,论文所提出的基于Fiala理论的改进算法与临界点算法相比,具有更高的计算精度。论文最后分析了轮胎胎压参数对轮胎刚度特性的影响。
[Abstract]:Tire stiffness is one of the important indexes that affect the control performance of the whole vehicle. Especially, the lateral stiffness has great influence on the roll, linear stability and the safety of collision rollover. Therefore, taking 128205 / 60R16 radial tire as an example, the main parts of tire tread, tire side, cord layer, meridian band bundle and so on are reasonably simplified in order to control the influence of tire shape and mesh precision on the model solving. Reasonable calculation and redrawing of tire section curve size are carried out. A finite element model of radial tire is established, which consists of one dimensional beam element, two dimensional shell element and three dimensional solid element. The stiffness characteristics of tire under different road conditions are simulated by LS-DYNA software. In this paper, the common tire models of full shell unit and whole entity unit are compared, and several typical simulation conditions are established. The accuracy and efficiency of the combined element model are discussed. An algorithm is proposed to solve the lateral deflection angle by using the finite element node deformation difference. The relation formula between the tire earthing mark half length and the ground line area length is deduced and proved by using Fiala theory. Thus, the problem of misorientation of critical position in the process of solving the lateral deflection angle is solved, and the accuracy of the calculation of the lateral deflection angle is improved. In this paper, the radial stiffness, lateral stiffness and lateral stiffness of tire are simulated and analyzed by using the model of beam, shell and solid combined unit tire, and the results are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the simulation analysis and the experiment are in good agreement, and the improved algorithm based on Fiala theory has higher calculation precision than the critical point algorithm. Finally, the influence of tire pressure parameters on tire stiffness is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.341

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