铝合金车轮的有限元建模分析

发布时间：2018-09-12 14:57

【摘要】：本文介绍了国内外汽车市场的发展趋势与现况,研究了现代汽车车轮的具体发展形势。在全面研究了铝合金车轮特征的情况下,基于减少耗油量、减少材质重量,同时也要增加车轮的使用寿命,为此总结出对此类型的车轮的设计方法,且开展产品性能研究,并对此问题进行验证及分析。本文针对几类铝合金车轮的产品技术研发进行了一系列探究,思考怎么在产品研发阶段,有效地完善设计质量,同时健全评价体系,以此研制出最佳的车轮产品,以此能够有效、顺利、经济地达到台架试验的要求。本文通过课题探索,全面分析了三维设计、有限元理论及技术,同时也针对优化方案开展了一系列理论分析,且对软件运用进行了深入性的调研。本文利用有限元软件系统ANSYS的优势(如ANSYS具有开放性这一重要特性),及ANSYS软件环境,侧重深入分析铝合金车轮产品在研制阶段怎么最优地开展结构强度评价、优化方案测试及使用周期评估等一系列问题,考虑到具体车轮承重工况面对的繁琐等相关问题,针对普通汽车动力学的模型设计方式,一般存在明显的误差,为此,本文针对此模型的构建,选择以车轮试验台架载荷原理为基点进行设计,同时考虑车辆实际使用情况来设定分析和试验的载荷工况。利用软件Pro/E对铝合金车轮进行了3D建模,利用ANSYS中对模型进行强度分析、优化设计等工作。在经过一系列的分析计算后,对原设计产品的研究结果体现出:材料最大许用应力值明显高于铝合金车轮的自身受力,安全系数极高,导致材料的浪费。在对铝合金车轮的轮辋、轮辐等部件进行优化设计后,在满足标准要求的同时,避免材质浪费,降低重量,减少成本。完成结构设计及优化后,对样件进行了台架试验验证,根据试验结果可看出,利用本文对于铝合金车轮的结构设计及优化、强度分析等手段后,实物零件的理论性能与实际性能基本相当,可以在提升产品质量的同时降低开发周期及成本。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the development trend and present situation of automobile market at home and abroad, and studies the specific development situation of modern automobile wheel. In this paper, the characteristics of aluminum alloy wheels are studied comprehensively, based on reducing fuel consumption, reducing material weight and increasing the service life of wheels, this paper summarizes the design methods of this type of wheels, and studies the performance of the products. And this problem is verified and analyzed. In this paper, a series of researches are made on the product technology of several kinds of aluminum alloy wheels, how to improve the design quality effectively in the product development stage, and at the same time, perfect the evaluation system, so as to develop the best wheel products. This can effectively, smoothly and economically meet the requirements of the bench test. In this paper, the three-dimensional design, finite element theory and technology are analyzed, and a series of theoretical analysis are also carried out in view of the optimization scheme, and the application of the software is investigated deeply. Based on the advantages of the finite element software system ANSYS (for example, ANSYS has the important characteristic of openness) and the ANSYS software environment, this paper focuses on the in-depth analysis of how to optimize the structural strength evaluation of aluminum alloy wheel products during the development stage. A series of problems such as optimization scheme test and life cycle evaluation, considering the related problems of the specific wheel load bearing working condition and other related problems, and aiming at the model design method of ordinary automobile dynamics, generally have obvious error, so for this reason, Aiming at the construction of this model, this paper chooses the wheel test stand load principle as the base point to design, at the same time considering the actual use of the vehicle to set up the load condition of the analysis and test. The software Pro/E is used to model the aluminum alloy wheel in 3D, and the strength analysis and optimum design of the model are carried out in ANSYS. After a series of analysis and calculation, the research results of the original design product show that the maximum allowable stress value of the material is obviously higher than that of the aluminum alloy wheel, and the safety factor is extremely high, which leads to the waste of the material. After optimizing the design of wheel rim and spoke of aluminum alloy wheel, the material waste, weight and cost can be avoided while meeting the requirements of the standard. After completing the structural design and optimization, the prototype was tested and verified by bench test. According to the test results, it can be seen that the structural design and optimization of aluminum alloy wheels, strength analysis and other means are used in this paper. The theoretical performance of the physical parts is basically equivalent to the actual performance, which can improve the quality of the product and reduce the development cycle and cost at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.34

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