厨余车提升翻转机构的仿真及有限元分析

发布时间：2018-10-09 20:26

【摘要】：厨余垃圾车是饭店、宾馆剩余食物垃圾无害化运输的专用车辆。垃圾箱体应具备载运效率高,良好的密封性、透气性、卸料方便性,并能与垃圾后处理设备相配套。提升翻转机构是厨余垃圾车垃圾装卸的关键机构,它能完成垃圾桶的提升、翻转及倒料,其运转平稳、工作可靠、动作连贯有序可节约时间,从而提高工作效率。本课题研究对象为某校企合作研发的一款新型厨余垃圾车,运动仿真其提升翻转过程,并对主要结构进行有限元分析：(1)建立厨余垃圾车整车模型,分析研究各机构的结构与功能,对提升翻转机构的液压系统进行设计布置。(2)在ADAMS/View建立提升翻转机构的虚拟样机模型,建立各部件之间的约束关系,为模拟真实工作环境,添加碰撞接触力,仿真其运动过程。通过施加不同的载荷,得出不同的油缸推力曲线。根据实际工况,额定提升质量为240k,施加载荷之后,仿真得出油缸的最大推力发生在18.8s,其大小为22.8KN。(3)通过HyperMesh软件对提升翻转机构模型进行前处理,将最大载荷工况下的油缸最大推力施加到机构上,使用radios求解器对提升翻转机构的有限元模型进行静力学和模态分析。(4)分析结果显示,最大载荷工况下的提升翻转机构的最大应力为316Mpa,位于提升翻转机构承载垃圾桶质量的挂桶支架与提升翻转机构骨架的连接处。刚度分析显示提升翻转机构的最大位移发生在挂桶支架上,位移大小为4.7mm,达到国家标准要求。模态分析显示提升翻转机构的结构设计基本可以避开使用环境中所受激振力的实际激励频率,避免整体机构的振动现象的发生。(5)对厨余车进行厂内空载和厂外满载性能测试。试验结果表明,设计制造的样车提升翻转机构动作运行准确可靠,无干涉死点,液压系统满足满载状态下的要求,整车性能良好。
[Abstract]:Kitchen garbage truck is a hotel, hotel surplus food garbage harmless transport of special vehicles. The garbage box should have high carrying efficiency, good sealing, air permeability, easy discharge, and can be matched with the garbage aftertreatment equipment. The lifting and flipping mechanism is the key mechanism of garbage loading and unloading of kitchen garbage truck. It can complete the lifting, flipping and unloading of garbage bin. It runs smoothly, works reliably and saves time in a coherent and orderly manner, thus improving the working efficiency. The research object of this subject is a new kitchen garbage truck which is developed by a school and enterprise. The movement simulates its lifting and flipping process, and carries on the finite element analysis to the main structure: (1) establishes the kitchen surplus garbage truck complete vehicle model, The structure and function of each mechanism are analyzed and studied, and the hydraulic system of the mechanism is designed and arranged. (2) the virtual prototype model of the mechanism is established in ADAMS/View, and the constraint relationship among the components is established to simulate the real working environment. The impact contact force is added to simulate the motion process. By applying different loads, different cylinder thrust curves are obtained. According to the actual working conditions, the rated lifting mass is 240 k. after applying the load, the maximum thrust of the cylinder occurs in 18.8s, and its size is 22.8KN. (3) the model of the lifting overturning mechanism is pre-processed by HyperMesh software. The maximum thrust of the cylinder under the maximum load condition is applied to the mechanism, and the finite element model of the lifting flip mechanism is analyzed by using radios solver. (4) the results show that, The maximum stress of the lifting overturning mechanism under the maximum load condition is 316Mpa. it is located at the connection between the hoisting bucket support bearing the weight of the garbage bin and the framework of the lifting overturning mechanism. Stiffness analysis shows that the maximum displacement of the lifting mechanism occurs on the bucket holder, and the displacement is 4.7 mm, which is up to the national standard. Modal analysis shows that the structure design of the lifting and turning mechanism can avoid the actual excitation frequency of the exciting force in the working environment and avoid the vibration phenomenon of the whole mechanism. (5) the in-plant and off-site full-load performance tests are carried out on the kitchen spare car. The test results show that the design and manufacture of the prototype lift overturn mechanism is accurate and reliable, no interference dead point, hydraulic system to meet the requirements of the full load state, the performance of the vehicle is good.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.6;U463.9

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