适用于气路闭环横向互联空气悬架的车身高度调节策略与能耗特性研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 15:15

【摘要】：现代汽车悬架技术不断发展,在传统空气悬架基础上出现的新型互联空气悬架结构,能较好地提升车辆乘坐舒适性。互联空气悬架这种新型悬架形式,将传统空气悬架中相邻的空气弹簧用气动管路连通,当受到路面冲击时,互联空气弹簧间将会发生气体交换,可起到缓和路面冲击、保持车身姿态等作用。为进一步改善空气悬架动力性与能耗经济性,结合互联空气悬架系统和带有高低压罐的气路闭环车身高度调节系统两者的优点,提出气路闭环横向互联空气悬架系统。本文将从该系统的车身高度调节性能与能量损耗特性两方面展开研究。首先,介绍气路闭环横向互联空气悬架系统原理,基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件,结合气体热力学,建立储气罐、电磁阀、空气弹簧等模块数学模型;结合车辆动力学,建立气路闭环横向互联空气悬架车身高度调节系统模块数学模型。其次,针对车身高度调节过程中存在的调节时间过长、超调现象明显等问题,对传统PID控制进行改进,构建专门适用于横向互联空气悬架车身高度调节的控制策略。为得到控制参数的最优解,通过遗传算法对PID参数寻优。同时引入车身姿态修正系数,提高系统充放气调节时车身姿态稳定性。仿真结果表明,该控制策略响应迅速,且避免了超调现象,解决了传统空气悬架车身高度控制策略应用于横向互联悬架的移植性缺陷等问题。然后,基于D2P快速原型开发平台,搭建试验台架,进行车身高度调节性能试验,并研究储气罐不同初始气压对充放气时间及稳态误差影响。试验结果表明,提出的控制策略能准确实现系统车身高度切换要求。试验验证了控制策略的有效性,储气罐不同初始气压对目标高度调节性能的影响研究为车身高度调节的参数选择提供了依据。最后,针对气路闭环横向互联空气悬架系统升压过程中能耗特性进行研究,采用压缩气体有效能与空气压缩机做功计算得出该过程能量损耗,同时利用试验验证气路闭环系统升压过程中的能耗特性。理论与试验研究结果表明,相对于气路开环系统,气路闭环系统应用于车身高度调节时具有更加优良的能耗特性。且在提升相同压力的情况下,高压罐初始气压越低,低压罐初始气压越高越有利于能耗经济性的提升。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of modern automobile suspension technology, a new type of interconnected air suspension structure based on traditional air suspension can improve the ride comfort of vehicles. Interconnected air suspension, a new type of suspension, connects the adjacent air springs in traditional air suspensions with pneumatic pipes. When affected by the road surface, there will be a gas exchange between the interconnected air springs, which can alleviate the impact of the road surface. Maintain body posture, etc. In order to further improve the power performance and energy consumption economy of air suspension, combined with the advantages of interconnected air suspension system and gas path closed loop body height regulating system with high and low pressure tanks, a gas path closed loop transverse interconnected air suspension system was proposed. In this paper, the body height regulation performance and energy loss characteristics of the system are studied. First of all, the principle of air suspension system is introduced. Based on MATLAB/Simulink simulation software, combined with gas thermodynamics, mathematical models of gas storage tank, solenoid valve, air spring and so on are established. The mathematical model of the body height regulating system of the air suspension is established. Secondly, aiming at the problems of excessive adjustment time and obvious overshoot in the process of body height regulation, the traditional PID control is improved to construct a control strategy suitable for the lateral interconnecting air suspension body height regulation. In order to obtain the optimal solution of control parameters, PID parameters are optimized by genetic algorithm. At the same time, the vehicle body attitude correction coefficient is introduced to improve the vehicle body attitude stability. The simulation results show that the control strategy is quick and avoids overshoot and solves the problem that the traditional air suspension body height control strategy is applied to the transplants of the lateral interconnected suspension. Then, based on the D2P rapid prototyping development platform, a test-bed was built to test the body height regulation performance, and the effects of different initial air pressure on the filling and discharging time and steady state error of the gas storage tank were studied. Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can accurately achieve the system body height switch requirements. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the control strategy. The research on the effect of different initial air pressure on the performance of the target height regulation provides a basis for the selection of vehicle height adjustment parameters. Finally, the energy consumption characteristics of the closed loop transversely interconnected air suspension system are studied, and the energy loss of the process is calculated by using the compressed gas effectiveness and the work done by the air compressor. At the same time, the energy consumption characteristics of the closed-loop system are verified by experiments. The theoretical and experimental results show that compared with the open-loop system, the closed-loop system has better energy consumption characteristics when applied to the body height regulation. The lower the initial pressure of high pressure tank is, the higher the initial pressure of low pressure tank is.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.33

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