汽车冲压停机问题管理的抽象与思路案例研究

发布时间：2018-12-31 19:41

【摘要】：冲压是汽车生产制造过程四大工艺中的重要一环。在冲压加工过程中,由于种种原因,会出现生产线被迫停止的状况,即停机问题,这导致了生产效率的降低以及成本的增加。员工在处理停机问题时,会产生许多经验,这些经验都是宝贵的知识,如果可以将这些知识获取、整理、并进行扩展共享,对停机问题处理会有极大的帮助。本文分析了目前停机问题的相关研究状况,提出借助CBR思想来实现停机问题管理和知识管理的有效结合。在此基础上,结合一线员工的需求,停机问题自身的特点,以及将传统CBR直接应用到停机问题的不足,提出了抽象案例和思路案例两种新的模型,并将其应用到停机问题的知识管理中。具体研究内容如下：(1)抽象案例模型。抽象案例模型是用于提供总结性的、通用的知识。本文首先提出了抽象案例的概念及模型表示,详细分析了抽象案例模型的特点,阐述了抽象案例的构建过程。此外,针对抽象案例和具体案例各自的特点以及二者结合的优势,设计了案例检索策略。最后,通过实例验证了抽象案例推理不仅比传统的CBR检索效率高,还证明了抽象案例具有更强的启发性,能够提高用户的知识水平,激发其创新能力。(2)案例相似度算法设计。抽象案例的构建与推理都离不来相似度计算。因此,本文分析了停机问题中案例属性的特点,从内容和结构两方面进行考虑,设计了符合停机问题数据特点的相似度计算方法,并通过实例验证了方法的合理性。(3)思路案例模型。思路案例提供的是解决问题的思路,用于解决停机问题中同一问题有许多相似案例,或者某一问题没有相似案例两种情况。本文借鉴CCBR模型,提出思路案例推理框架。分析了停机问题中影响思考的因素,设计了相应的方案排序算法。用具体实例证明了思路案例的可行性。本文的研究内容具有一定的意义。就现实意义而言,停机问题得到有效解决,生产效率改善,员工知识水平得到提高。就理论意义而言,从CBR角度,拓宽了CBR的思路；从解决问题的角度,将视角从当前问题扩展到当类问题,提出将总结性知识与具体事例结合使用来解决问题。从知识管理的角度,一定程度上深化了知识管理的研究,从对“怎么做”此类知识的研究,深化到对“怎么想”此类思考过程的研究中。
[Abstract]:Stamping is an important part of the four major processes in the automobile manufacturing process. In the process of stamping, the production line is forced to stop due to various reasons, that is, the problem of shutdown, which leads to the reduction of production efficiency and the increase of cost. When employees deal with the problem of downtime, they will produce a lot of experience. These experiences are valuable knowledge. If they can acquire, organize and share these knowledge, it will be of great help to solve the problem of downtime. In this paper, the current research situation of shutdown problem is analyzed, and an effective combination of shutdown problem management and knowledge management is put forward with the help of CBR. On this basis, combined with the needs of the front-line staff, the characteristics of the shutdown problem itself, and the shortcomings of applying traditional CBR directly to the downtime problem, two new models, abstract cases and train of thought cases, are proposed. It is applied to the knowledge management of shutdown problem. The main contents are as follows: (1) Abstract case model. Abstract case models are used to provide summary, generic knowledge. In this paper, the concept and model representation of abstract case are put forward, the characteristics of abstract case model are analyzed in detail, and the construction process of abstract case is expounded. In addition, according to the characteristics of abstract cases and concrete cases and the advantages of combining them, a case retrieval strategy is designed. Finally, it is proved that abstract case reasoning is not only more efficient than traditional CBR retrieval, but also more enlightening and can improve the knowledge level of users. Stimulate its innovative ability. (2) case similarity algorithm design. Abstract case construction and reasoning are inseparable from similarity calculation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the characteristics of case attributes in the problem of downtime, considers the content and structure of the case, and designs a method to calculate the similarity according to the characteristics of the data of the problem of shutdown. The rationality of the method is verified by an example. (3) case model of train of thought. The thought case provides the idea of solving the problem. There are many similar cases in solving the same problem in the problem of downtime, or there are two kinds of cases in which there is no similar case in a given problem. Based on the CCBR model, this paper puts forward the framework of case-based reasoning. This paper analyzes the factors that influence the thinking in the problem of shutdown, and designs the corresponding scheduling algorithm. A practical example is given to prove the feasibility of the case. The research content of this paper has certain significance. As far as practical significance is concerned, the problem of downtime is solved effectively, the production efficiency is improved, and the knowledge level of employees is improved. Theoretically speaking, from the perspective of CBR, the idea of CBR is broadened, and from the angle of problem solving, the angle of view is extended from the current problem to the class problem, and it is proposed to combine the aggregate knowledge with concrete examples to solve the problem. From the angle of knowledge management, it deepens the research of knowledge management to a certain extent, from the study of "how to do" this kind of knowledge, to the study of "how to think" such thinking process.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U466

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