基于动捕信息的虚实交互技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 08:18

本文选题：运动捕捉技术 + 数据处理　；参考：《北方工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着虚拟现实技术的发展,虚实交互技术逐渐成为研究热点和难点。虚实交互是将计算机生成的虚拟场景与真实世界场景相互融合的一种技术,它是获取真实世界中物理对象的运动轨迹,实现真实场景和虚拟场景之间的自然交互,呈现给用户一种全新的人机交互体验环境。传统的虚实交互技术应用局限较多,体验感差。本文主要研究基于动捕信息的虚实交互技术,最终设计并实现了一个沉浸感良好和实时效率较高的虚实交互系统。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)针对人体实时交互过程中标记点被干扰产生噪声数据的问题,研究并设计了基于卡尔曼滤波算法的标记点位置预测方法。人体作为一种新型的数据输入方法,通过运动捕捉设备采集人体运动数据时,身上粘贴的标记点间可能存在相互干扰,要对标记点位置进行优化。首先,分析人体骨骼结构,完成人体简单几何模型的构建;然后,根据人体的运动特点,构建出人体的层次结构模型;最终,基于人体的层次结构采用卡尔曼滤波算法来估计下一帧标记点的方位信息对数据进行处理,提高标记点跟踪的准确性。实验验证表明,本文的基于卡尔曼滤波的标记点位置预测方法使数据更加平滑。(2)针对虚拟场景中交互的穿越问题,研究并设计了基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测方法。首先,对包围盒分层构建和遍历,用该包围盒替代虚拟对象进而判断物体间是否发生碰撞;然后,基于该碰撞检测算法引入Unity3d游戏引擎开发的多种碰撞器,并根据虚拟对象的几何特征组合碰撞器,对于发生碰撞的物体及时做出响应。实验验证表明,本文研究的基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测方法有效地提高了碰撞检测的效率,并防止发生穿越。(3)为了更好的应用以上两个方法,设计并实现了一个虚实交互系统。本文为了实现参与者对虚拟对象的动作、位置、朝向、姿态的控制,划分了几何模型构建模块、数据处理模块、碰撞检测模块、虚实交互模块,最终完成了系统。系统运行效果表明,基于动捕信息的虚实交互系统能够较好的实现人与刚体、刚体与刚体、人与纯虚模型的多种虚实和虚虚交互。
[Abstract]:With the development of virtual reality technology, virtual reality interaction technology has gradually become a hot and difficult point.Virtual interaction is a kind of technology that combines the computer generated virtual scene with the real world scene. It is to obtain the movement track of the physical object in the real world and to realize the natural interaction between the real scene and the virtual scene.Presents the user a kind of brand-new human-machine interaction experience environment.The traditional virtual reality interaction technology has many limitations and poor experience.This paper mainly studies the virtual and real interaction technology based on moving capture information, and finally designs and implements a virtual reality interaction system with good immersion and high real time efficiency.The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of the noise data caused by the interference of the mark points in the human real-time interaction process, this paper studies and designs a method for prediction of the location of the mark points based on Kalman filtering algorithm.As a new data input method, the human body may interfere with each other when collecting human motion data by motion capture equipment, so the location of labeled points should be optimized.First, analyze the human skeleton structure, complete the construction of the simple geometric model of the human body; then, according to the characteristics of human movement, construct the hierarchical structure model of the human body; finally,Based on the hierarchical structure of human body, Kalman filter algorithm is used to estimate the orientation information of the next marker point to process the data to improve the accuracy of the tracking of the mark point.The experimental results show that the method based on Kalman filter makes the data smoother. (2) aiming at the problem of interaction traversing in virtual scene, the collision detection method based on hierarchical bounding box is studied and designed.Firstly, the bounding box is constructed and traversed in layers, the bounding box is used to replace the virtual object to judge whether there is collision between objects, and then, based on the collision detection algorithm, a variety of colliders developed by Unity3d game engine are introduced.According to the geometric features of virtual object, the collider can respond to the colliding object in time.Experimental results show that the proposed collision detection method based on hierarchical bounding box can effectively improve the efficiency of collision detection and prevent the collision detection from occurring. (3) in order to better apply the above two methods, a virtual and real interactive system is designed and implemented.In order to control the action, position, orientation and attitude of the virtual object, this paper divides the geometric model building module, the data processing module, the collision detection module, the virtual interaction module, and finally completes the system.The results show that the virtual interaction system based on moving capture information can realize the interaction between human and rigid body, rigid body and rigid body, and virtual interaction between human and pure virtual model.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.9

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