基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水微物理特征测量仪

发布时间：2018-04-28 11:33

本文选题：降水粒子 + 微物理特征　；参考：《光学精密工程》2017年04期

【摘要】：为了实现对降水粒子尺度、形状、速度等微物理特征的同步测量,提出了一种基于单帧双脉冲成像的降水粒子测量方法,并搭建了降水微物理特征测量仪样机,该样机由脉冲光源、面阵图像传感器、以数字信号处理(DSP)芯片为核心的采集与控制单元、数据处理单元组成。然后研究了利用点扩散函数进行图像复原的方法,以及利用曝光参数进行粒子捕获概率修正的方法,并利用定标小球进行了检验。最后使用该仪器在南京地区进行了降雨外场实验,并与OTT雨滴谱仪进行对比。实验结果表明:仪器可以同步测量雨滴的形状、轴比、速度与尺度等微物理特征,与经验模型具有良好的一致性;与OTT雨滴谱仪的雨滴谱分布和降雨强度有很好的一致性,二者测量降雨强度的标准偏差为1.57mm/h,相关系数达到96%。该仪器对降水微物理特征具有更好的测量效果,可以在野外长期无人值守运行,在大气物理研究、数值天气预报模式、水文学研究等领域有着广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the synchronous measurement of the microphysical characteristics such as the size, shape and velocity of precipitation particles, a precipitation particle measurement method based on single frame and double pulse imaging is proposed, and a prototype of precipitation microphysical feature measuring instrument is built. The prototype is composed of pulse light source, array image sensor, acquisition and control unit with digital signal processing chip as the core, and data processing unit. Then, the method of image restoration using point diffusion function and the method of particle capture probability correction using exposure parameters are studied, and the calibration sphere is used to test it. Finally, the rainfall field experiment was carried out in Nanjing area with this instrument and compared with OTT raindrop spectrometer. The experimental results show that the instrument can synchronously measure the microphysical characteristics of raindrops such as shape, axial ratio, velocity and scale, which is in good agreement with the empirical model, and is in good agreement with the rain drop spectrum distribution and rainfall intensity of OTT raindrop spectrometer. The standard deviation of rainfall intensity is 1.57 mm / h and the correlation coefficient is 96 mm / h. The instrument has a better effect on the measurement of precipitation microphysical characteristics and can be unattended for a long time in the field. It has a broad application prospect in the field of atmospheric physics, numerical weather prediction model, hydrology research and so on.
【作者单位】：解放军理工大学气象海洋学院;解放军93318部队气象台;南京英恩特环境技术有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金科学仪器基础研究专款项目(No.41327003);国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.41505135) 江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(No.BK20150708)
【分类号】：TP391.41;TP212

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