基于ARM9的嵌入式测量相机设计

发布时间：2018-05-01 04:25

本文选题：嵌入式系统 + 测量相机　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要研究了以FPGA和ARM为处理器的嵌入式测量相机的设计和实现,系统由图像的采集、处理和传送三部分组成。系统硬件包括CMOS图像采集前端,FPGA模块和ARM模块三个部分。图像采集前端选择了micro公司的MT9M001作为图像传感器。FPGA选用的是Xilinx公司的XC3S500E,通过I2C接口和并行MIPI接口与MT9M001相连接,通过RAM接口与两片SRAM相连接,通过SPI总线和本地总线与ARM模块相连接。ARM模块选用的是S3C2440微处理器,通过SPI接口与FPGA通信,通过存储器映射的方法实现了对SRAM中图像数据的读取操作。系统软件主要包括了FPGA的程序设计、ARM的设备驱动程序和上层应用程序设计。FPGA程序采用Verilog HDL编程方法,完成对MT9M001的正确配置和给图像采集前端发出控制指令,进行参数设置等。FPGA程序还实现了把采集到的图像数据按照ARM传下来的阈值进行二值化,之后利用case语句找到图像MARKER的边缘坐标并且将图像数据和边缘坐标以(X1,X2,Y)的数据格式存放在SRAM中。S3C2440A以嵌入式Linux作为操作系统,完成了图像MARKER的质心计算和网络传输工作。ARM的设备驱动程序通过编写驱动程序初始化函数和构造file_operations结构体中用到的成员函数完成SRAM和SPI接口的驱动,使得应用程序可以通过系统调用的方式调用驱动程序实现对硬件设备的操作。应用程序采用双线程的设计方法,设计了网络传输部分,主线程负责与上位机建立网络连接,工作线程负责进行图像处理,计算图像MARKER质心等,最后把数据通过网络接口传送到计算机。经过测试,系统实现了图像的采集、处理、传送,并且可以通过MARKER的移动轨迹获得被观测物体的运动情况,实现了30帧/秒的图像传输,图像的实时处理和质心坐标显示。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of an embedded measuring camera with FPGA and ARM processors. The system consists of three parts: image acquisition, processing and transmission. The hardware of the system includes three parts: CMOS image acquisition front-end FPGA module and ARM module. The front end of image acquisition selects the MT9M001 of micro as the image sensor. The XC3S500E of Xilinx company is chosen as the image sensor. The XC3S500E is connected to MT9M001 through I2C interface and parallel MIPI interface, and to two pieces of SRAM through RAM interface. The S3C2440 microprocessor is used to connect the arm module with the ARM module through the SPI bus and the local bus, and the SPI interface is used to communicate with the FPGA. The method of memory mapping is used to realize the reading operation of the image data in SRAM. The system software mainly includes FPGA program design, arm device driver program and upper application program design. Verilog HDL programming method is used to complete the correct configuration of MT9M001 and issue control instructions to the front end of image acquisition. The program of parameter setting, etc., also realized the binarization of the collected image data according to the threshold value passed down by ARM. Then the edge coordinates of the image MARKER are found by using the case statement, and the image data and the edge coordinates are stored in the format of X1C2440A in SRAM. The embedded Linux is used as the operating system. The device driver of arm is completed to realize the drive of SRAM and SPI interface by writing the initialization function of the driver and constructing the member function used in the structure of file_operations. The application can invoke the driver by system call to implement the operation of the hardware device. The main thread is responsible for establishing the network connection with the host computer, the worker thread is responsible for image processing, the image MARKER centroid is calculated, and so on. Finally, the data is transmitted to the computer through the network interface. After testing, the system realizes the image acquisition, processing and transmission, and can obtain the motion of the observed object through the moving track of MARKER. The system realizes the image transmission of 30 frames per second, the real-time processing of the image and the display of the centroid coordinate.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.41

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