基于3D打印技术的透光浮雕研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:39

本文选题：透光浮雕 + 数字模型　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着近些年人们物质生活的不断富足,生活水平不断提高,人们的精神生活也越来越丰富,不少人开始关注音乐、绘画、雕塑等艺术,由此催生了一系列艺术品产业的蓬勃发展。透光浮雕作为一种新兴的雕塑形式,由于其形式新奇,画面古朴,成像层次感强烈等优点受到了人们的喜爱。但是囿于传统透光浮雕的加工生产方式效率低下,质量参差不齐等原因,极大地限制了透光浮雕的发展。市场亟需一种方便快捷、制作效果精良的透光浮雕产品的加工方法。本文通过对传统透光浮雕加工制作方法的研究,深入了解透光浮雕的成像原理,并且借助新兴的3D打印技术来实现透光浮雕模型的制作。本文将透光浮雕的制作分成透光浮雕数字模型的生成、彩色打印机的实现、分区域打印三个主要方面来实现。基于透光浮雕对于图像亮度信息敏感的特点,本文使用了灰度压缩算法实现了对图像亮度的增强,并且基于OpenGL实现了二维图像转换为三维图像的软件实现,通过实验验证,生成的数字模型过程简单,质量优异。本文在开源打印机的基础上通过对控制电路和打印头的改进,设计了一款彩色3D打印机。在彩色3D打印机的步进电机控制部分,引入了Bresenham直线算法,实现了同时控制三轴、三路挤出机协同运动的效果,并且增加Gcode指令,实现了多轴运动的控制。本文的透光浮雕在传统透光浮雕的基础上增加了夜光和保护层功能,进一步提高了透光浮雕的多样化和实用性。为了增添这两层材料,本文设计了一种分区打印的方法,通过在Cura开源软件中对不同区域的标记,实现分区域打印不同材料的目的,并且为了防止材料切换过程中的互相干扰,设计了一种超调量方法来最大程度的降低不同材料之间的干扰。最终本文实现了一种自动化设计制造透光浮雕的方法,用户只需要提供一张照片,通过简单的设置,即可获得一个定制的透光浮雕模型。极大地提高了加工效率,最大程度的满足人们对于定制化产品的需求。为透光浮雕的加工生产提供了一种可行的方式。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous prosperity of people's material life and the improvement of their living standard, people's spiritual life has become more and more abundant. Many people have begun to pay attention to the art of music, painting, sculpture and so on. This gave birth to a series of art industry vigorous development. As a new form of sculpture, transparent relief has been loved by people because of its novel form, simple picture, strong image level and so on. However, due to the low efficiency and uneven quality of traditional transparent relief production, the development of transparent relief is greatly restricted. The market is in urgent need of a convenient and efficient processing method of transparent relief products. In this paper, through the study of the traditional processing method of transparent relief, we deeply understand the imaging principle of transparent relief, and use the new 3D printing technology to realize the making of transparent relief model. In this paper, the fabrication of transparent relief is divided into three main aspects: the generation of digital model of transparent relief, the realization of color printer and regional printing. Based on the sensitivity of transparent relief to image luminance information, this paper uses gray-scale compression algorithm to realize image brightness enhancement, and realizes the software realization of 2-D image conversion to 3D image based on OpenGL, which is verified by experiments. The generated digital model is simple in process and excellent in quality. Based on the open source printer, a color 3D printer is designed by improving the control circuit and print head. In the step motor control part of the color 3D printer, the Bresenham linear algorithm is introduced to realize the effect of simultaneous control of the three-axis and three-way extruder, and the Gcode instruction is added to realize the multi-axis motion control. In this paper, the functions of night light and protective layer are added on the basis of traditional transparent relief, and the diversification and practicability of transparent relief are further improved. In order to add these two layers of materials, this paper designs a method of partitioned printing. By marking different areas in Cura open source software, the purpose of printing different materials in sub-regions is realized, and in order to prevent the mutual interference in the process of material switching, An overshoot method is designed to minimize interference between different materials. Finally, this paper realizes a method of automatic design and manufacture of transparent relief. The user only needs to provide a photo. Through simple setting, a customized model of transparent relief can be obtained. Greatly improve the processing efficiency, to the greatest extent to meet the needs of customized products. It provides a feasible way for the processing and production of transparent relief.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.41;TP391.73

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