纳米孔及纳流道中离子输运特性的研究
发布时间:2018-05-08 07:05
本文选题:纳流体器件 + 动电效应 ; 参考:《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:纳流体器件是指关键尺寸小于或等于100nm的流体器件,主要包括纳米孔结构和纳流道结构,在生物测序、水处理等方面有广阔的应用前景。由于纳流体器件中存在流场-电场-离子运动等多物理场的耦合,又因尺寸减小到纳米级别,因此其中的物理现象非常复杂,并且通常伴随有强烈的非线性。这种非线性特性是纳流体器件固有存在的,其引发机制目前仍缺乏确定、一致的解释。本文通过数值仿真和数学分析,探究了弱电双层重合(Weak EDL overlap)机制下纳流道器件中离子的传输特性,从电渗流(EOF)和离子反转的角度对器件的非线性Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性做出了解释。此外,还制备了纳米孔器件,并对其电学特性进行了测量。本论文的主要研究内容和结论如下:(1)搭建了纳流道器件仿真模型。利用Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP)方程和Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes(PNP-S)方程模拟其输运情况。(2)揭示了 EOF对在中等电压强度下对离子电导的抑制效应。利用PROPHET软件仿真流体对输运过程的影响,并用COMSOL Multiphysics软件进行验证,辅以一维数学模型分析,得出了 EOF驱动离子耗尽区进入沟道,并抑制沟道内电导的结论。同时,提出了不同于传统极限电流概念的极限电导行为。(3)验证了高电压强度下离子屏蔽电荷反转效应并揭示其与涡旋产生的关系。通过COMSOL Multiphysics软件和数学模型分析,阐述了高电压下离子屏蔽电荷会发生局部反转这一效应,并从体积力扭矩的角度解释了涡旋的产生原因。结合第二章内容,对纳流体器件的非线性特性做出了解释。(4)制备纳米孔器件并进行电学测量。利用FIB和TEM技术制备尺寸精确可控的纳米孔,利用ALD工艺进行孔径处理;搭建纳米孔器件电测量系统,并完成了初步的电学测量。
[Abstract]:Nano-fluid devices are fluid devices whose key size is less than or equal to 100nm, mainly including nano-pore structure and nanorods structure, which has a broad application prospect in biological sequencing, water treatment and so on. Due to the coupling of flow field, electric field and ion motion in nanoscale fluid devices, and because the size is reduced to nanometer level, the physical phenomena are very complicated and usually accompanied by strong nonlinearity. This nonlinear characteristic is inherent in nanofluid devices, and its initiation mechanism is still lack of definite and consistent explanation. By means of numerical simulation and mathematical analysis, the characteristics of ion transport in nanofilm devices under the weak electric double-layer coincidence EDL overlap-mechanism are investigated. The nonlinear 鈪,
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