覆盖测试中循环结构的路径选择方法研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-17 16:00

本文选题：覆盖测试 + 路径选择　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：软件测试是软件质量的重要保证,单元覆盖测试是其中的基本方法,它通过生成测试用例来覆盖特定的目标元素集。由于循环结构的执行次数难以通过静态分析的方法确定,使得覆盖测试中的循环结构路径选择一直是个难点问题。常见的0-1展开策略无法满足循环结构需要执行多次的情况,固定K次展开策略也有展开次数的局限性。本文提出了一种动静结合的循环结构选路方法,通过静态选路和动态执行为循环结构进行路径选择。文中介绍了循环结构路径选择的两种常见策略,分析了它们的局限性,并针对其中的两个局限性给出了改进方法。接着,本文提出了动静结合的循环结构选路方法,该方法首先为目标元素进行静态选路,选出前缀路径,然后用动态执行方法生成包含目标元素的可达路径。但是,该方法对于循环结构展开次数的选取具有随机性,又提出了改进的动静结合的循环结构选路方法。该方法将目标覆盖元素分为自由目标元素和非自由目标元素,优先为所有的自由目标元素进行路径选择,记录循环结构实际的迭代次数为非自由目标元素的路径选择提供参考,最后为非自由目标元素借助参考值进行路径选择。本文最后借助CTS代码覆盖测试系统对动静结合的循环结构选路方法进行了可行性和有效性验证实验,对实验结果进行了分析,给出了实验结论。
[Abstract]:Software testing is an important guarantee of software quality, and unit coverage test is the basic method. It covers a specific set of target elements by generating test cases. Because the execution times of loop structure are difficult to be determined by static analysis method, it is always a difficult problem to choose the path of loop structure in coverage testing. The common 0-1 expansion strategy can not satisfy the situation that the loop structure needs to be executed many times, and the fixed K-times expansion strategy also has the limitation of the expansion times. In this paper, a method of dynamic and static combination of cyclic structure routing is proposed, which selects the path for the cyclic structure by static routing and dynamic execution. In this paper, two common strategies for path selection of circular structures are introduced, their limitations are analyzed, and an improved method is given for two of them. Then, this paper proposes a dynamic and static loop structure routing method, which firstly selects the static path for the target element, selects the prefix path, and then uses the dynamic execution method to generate the reachable path containing the target element. However, the method is stochastic for the selection of cyclic structure expansion times, and an improved cyclic structure routing method combining dynamic and static is proposed. The method divides the target covering elements into free target elements and non-free target elements, and gives priority to path selection for all free target elements, and records the actual iterations of the loop structure to provide a reference for the path selection of non-free target elements. Finally, the non-free target elements are selected by reference value. In the end, the feasibility and validity of the cyclic structure routing method based on CTS code coverage test system are verified, the experimental results are analyzed and the experimental conclusions are given.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP311.53

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