图像处理技术在岩体质量三维可视化分级中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 10:59

本文选题：裂隙 + 图像处理技术　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：岩体裂隙的发育程度是影响岩体力学性能的关键因素之一,是全面评价岩体质量、优化矿山开采设计的重要前提和依据,掌握岩体节理的几何特征,对准确测量和评价岩体稳定性至关重要。本文应用自编MATLAB图像处理程序和矿山三维建模软件,通过现场调查、室内试验,并结合RMR岩体质量分级理论,对区域内岩体质量进行三维可视化研究,为开采优化设计提供参考依据。本文运用数字近景摄影测量,并结合传统节理裂隙信息采集方式和图像处理技术,辨识、量化和提取了岩体裂隙关键特征参量,对岩体节理关键参量进行了质量评价与等级分区。其中,图像处理技术主要包括图像的灰度处理、去噪、分割和形态学处理四个主要过程。论文分别建立了Sh-455m中段所研究区域的实体、块段模型。对节理裂隙地质调查的结果显示:Sh-455m中段评价模型区域内小裂隙及层间构造发育,多为剪切性、压性构造,岩体优势节理组倾向多为NE或NW,断裂面一般平直紧闭,倾角普遍较大(均值近60°),将导致在一步采空场情况下,采场北侧间柱片帮较南侧更为严重的现象,这与现场情况相符。所以,在生产过程中应更重视采场北侧间柱片帮安全问题。获取了区域岩体RMR参数评分值,开展了矿区三维可视化岩体质量评价与等级分区,同时绘制了区域岩性三维状态下的质量分区图,可作为采矿优化设计参考依据。研究表明,采用图像处理技术和矿山三维建模软件对岩体质量进行三维可视化分级研究是一种快速、准确的方法,有助于充分了解区域地质情况,指导矿山生产;同时,对岩体质量分级来说是一种快速、科学、新型的研究方式。
[Abstract]:The development degree of rock fissure is one of the key factors affecting the mechanical properties of rock mass. It is an important prerequisite and basis for comprehensive evaluation of rock mass quality, optimization of mining design, and understanding of geometric characteristics of rock mass joints. It is very important to accurately measure and evaluate the stability of rock mass. In this paper, MATLAB image processing program and mine 3D modeling software are used to study the 3D visualization of rock mass quality in the area through field investigation, laboratory test and RMR rock mass quality classification theory. It provides reference for mining optimization design. In this paper, digital close-range photogrammetry is used to identify, quantify and extract the key characteristic parameters of rock mass fractures, combining with traditional joint fracture information collection method and image processing technology. The quality evaluation and classification of the key parameters of rock joint are carried out. Among them, image processing includes four main processes: grayscale processing, denoising, segmentation and morphological processing. In this paper, the entity and block models of the region in the middle of Sh-455m are established. The results of geological investigation on joints and fractures show that the small fractures and interlayer structures are developed in the evaluation model area of the middle segment of W Sh-455m, most of them are shear and compressive structures, the dominant joints of rock mass tend to be NE or NW, and the fault surface is generally flat and closed. The dip angle is generally larger (the mean value is nearly 60 掳), which will lead to the phenomenon that the north side of the stope is more serious than that of the south side in the case of one-step stoping, which is consistent with the situation in the field. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the safety of the north side of the stope in the production process. The RMR parameter score of regional rock mass is obtained, the 3D visual rock mass quality evaluation and grade zoning are carried out, and the quality zoning map of regional lithology is drawn, which can be used as a reference for mining optimization design. The results show that 3D visual classification of rock mass quality using image processing technology and 3D modeling software is a fast and accurate method, which is helpful to fully understand the regional geological conditions and guide mine production. It is a fast, scientific and new research method for rock mass quality classification.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD315;TP391.41

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