基于模型比较的Web应用测试方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 07:11

本文选题：模型构建 + 模型比较　；参考：《华中科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着Web技术的兴起和发展,Web应用安全性问题逐渐受到重视。在测试技术的不断发展的背景下,基于模型的测试技术逐渐成为保证Web应用质量的重要手段。然而,软件测试规模随着Web应用规模的扩大变得越发庞大,测试开销不堪重负。因此,研究更加通用的测试方法来提高软件测试效率具有重大的研究价值。基于模型比较的Web应用测试方法是一种基于黑盒的软件测试方法。该方法主要分为Web应用模型构建、模型比较和测试用例生成三个步骤。具体来讲,首先根据Web应用在软件需求和设计阶段产生的需求和设计说明文档,用UML状态图构建软件的需求模型,表示Web应用软件的结构和行为特性;其次,将基于UML状态图构建的Web应用软件需求模型转换成可比较的模型表现形式,同时采用基于黑盒的Web应用导航模型生成方法获取软件的实现模型,并将其转换成可比较的模型表现形式;然后模型比较阶段将对前两步产生的软件的需求和实现模型进行比较得到差异部分形成软件的差异模型;最后结合模型比较过程所产生的差异模型以及Web应用软件的实现模型生成测试用例。基于模型比较的Web应用测试方法通过模型比较可以发现软件需求和实现中错误,捕获的软件错误更加全面,同时通过构建模型生成测试用例,使测试用例生成过程更加自动化。基于差异模型生成测试用例过程将测试用例的生成集中于软件错误集中,该错误集即为模型比较得到的差异模型,这样可以有效的缩小测试用例集规模,提高测试效率。实验结果表明,基于模型比较的Web应用测试方法可以有效区分软件错误类型,并能有效约减测试用例,加速测试流程。
[Abstract]:With the rise and development of Web technology, the problem of web application security has been paid more and more attention. With the continuous development of testing technology, model-based testing technology has gradually become an important means to ensure the quality of Web applications. However, the scale of software testing becomes more and more large with the expansion of Web application scale, and the test cost is unbearable. Therefore, it is of great value to study more general testing methods to improve the efficiency of software testing. The Web application testing method based on model comparison is a software testing method based on black box. The method is mainly divided into three steps: Web application model construction, model comparison and test case generation. Specifically, according to the requirement and design description document generated by Web application in software requirement and design phase, the requirement model of software is constructed with UML state diagram to express the structure and behavior characteristics of Web application software. The requirement model of Web application software based on UML state diagram is transformed into a comparable model representation. At the same time, the realization model of Web application navigation model based on black box is obtained by using the method of generating Web application navigation model based on black box. Then the software requirement and the implementation model of the first two steps are compared at the stage of model comparison, and the difference model is formed by comparing the requirements and implementation models of the first two steps. Finally, test cases are generated by combining the difference model generated by the process of model comparison and the implementation of Web application software. The Web application testing method based on model comparison can find software requirements and errors in implementation through model comparison, and catch more comprehensive software errors. At the same time, the test case generation process can be more automated by building a model to generate test cases. The process of generating test cases based on differential model focuses the generation of test cases on the software error set, which is the difference model compared with the model, which can effectively reduce the scale of test cases and improve test efficiency. The experimental results show that the Web application test method based on model comparison can effectively distinguish the types of software errors, reduce test cases effectively and accelerate the test process.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP311.53;TP393.09

【参考文献】