基于区块链的去中心化交易关键技术研究及应用

发布时间：2018-07-09 10:54

本文选题：以太坊 + PBFT　；参考：《东华大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着2009年比特币的问世,区块链技术也随之产生。区块链技术由于具有去中心化、透明可信任的特点,因此这项技术也迅速引起了广大专家学者的关注。以太坊作为区块链技术的一个实现,提供了一个去中心化的应用平台,去中心化的应用也随之产生,区块链技术的应用也逐渐从最初的金融行业发展到各行各业。近些年来,随着一些行业联盟成立并尝试应用区块链技术解决联盟内去中心化的问题并初见成效,联盟链的形式越来越得到企业的青睐。因此以联盟链应用为背景对区块链技术进行研究有着极大的未来价值和现实意义。本文以联盟链的形式展开对区块链技术的研究,针对以太坊在联盟链应用的不足提出相关改进,并实现了去中心化任务发布系统,其中系统中任务发布者与接受者之间的赏金交易通过区块链中智能合约实现。本文的主要工作有:(1)以以太坊为例,深入学习区块链相关技术与概念,并对区块链中的数据层和共识层深入探讨,并引出智能合约相关概念。(2)针对以太坊区块链基于工作量证明的共识机制在联盟链场景下表现出的算力浪费的问题,本文提出采用PBFT共识算法,并针对该共识机制进行改进,通过设计区块生成协议并结合超时机制的方法,减少共识过程中的通信开销。(3)根据联盟链的特点,提出对以太坊中账户存储优化方案,结合Merkle Patricia树的数据结构特点,对每笔交易涉及到的两个账户,找到账户地址的公共前缀后同时修改两个账户的内容,并采用K-means聚类算法将关联账户聚类,提高了交易执行过程中账户修改的效率。(4)对改进后的以太坊进行联盟链形式的区块链搭建,并开发实现了该平台下的去中心化任务发布系统,该系统中交易相关的操作由区块链完成。
[Abstract]:With the advent of Bitcoin in 2009, blockchain technology also emerged. Because of its characteristics of decentralization, transparency and trustworthiness, blockchain technology has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars. As a realization of block chain technology, etheric workshop provides a decentralized application platform, and the application of block chain technology gradually develops from the initial financial industry to a variety of industries. In recent years, with the establishment of some trade alliances and try to use block chain technology to solve the problem of decentralization in the alliance and initial results, the form of alliance chain is becoming more and more popular among enterprises. Therefore, it is of great value and practical significance to study the block chain technology based on the application of alliance chain. In this paper, the research of block chain technology is carried out in the form of alliance chain, aiming at the deficiency of the application of Ethernet Fong in alliance chain, the related improvement is put forward, and the decentralized task publishing system is implemented. The reward transaction between the task publisher and the receiver in the system is realized through the intelligent contract in the block chain. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) take the etheric workshop as an example, deeply study the technology and concept of block chain, and discuss the data layer and consensus layer in the block chain. And leads to the concept of intelligent contract. (2) aiming at the problem of waste of computing power in the alliance chain scenario, this paper proposes a PBFT consensus algorithm, and improves the consensus mechanism. By designing block generation protocol and combining with timeout mechanism, the communication overhead in consensus process is reduced. (3) according to the characteristics of alliance chain, we propose an optimized scheme for account storage in etheric workshop, and combine the data structure of Merkle Patricia tree. For the two accounts involved in each transaction, after finding the common prefix of the account address, the contents of the two accounts are modified simultaneously, and K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the associated accounts. It improves the efficiency of account modification in the course of transaction execution. (4) the improved etheric workshop is constructed in the form of alliance chain, and a decentralized task publishing system is developed and implemented under the platform. The transaction-related operations in the system are accomplished by the block chain.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F49;TP311.13

【相似文献】