基于安全多方计算的电子投票与电子拍卖协议研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 18:22

【摘要】：买卖与投票是两种历史悠久的活动,它们不仅是人们生活中必不可少的一部分,更是企业运营与管理的关键。而今,随着计算机水平和网络技术的飞速发展,互联网信息时代悄然来到。互联网信息时代赋予买卖和投票新的活动形式,如电子交易、电子拍卖、电子投票等等。先进的网络技术在带给企业各种便利以及经济利益的同时,庞大的信息量也带来了各种风险和安全隐患。伴随着人们对于保护个人隐私的要求与日俱增,如何保障信息的安全成为了当今时代的一大主题。安全多方计算的出现为信息爆炸与充满信息安全隐患的互联网信息时代提供了新的安全的保障。安全多方计算使得各参与者在互不信任的网络环境中,无需借助第三方的参与,通过参与者之间的信息交互,以不泄露各自隐私为前提,实现各种函数计算,从而完成各种新型活动。因此,本文的研究以安全多方计算为基础,致力于电子投票和电子拍卖的研究,并将这两大研究方向应用到具体的企业管理情境中。具体工作如下:首先,对安全多方计算进行详细地解释说明,并对安全多方计算的两个重要组成部分安全多方求和以及安全多方排序进行了分析与总结,还提出了一种新的安全多方排序协议,该协议安全有效,且计算复杂度低,为后文将安全多方计算应用于电子投票协议以及电子拍卖协议打下了良好的基础。其次,提出两种新的电子投票协议,一种是对常规性电子投票协议的改进,该协议是一个基于安全多方计算的可验证式电子投票协议,该协议全隐私覆盖、可验证和计算简便,同时适用性较强。而另一种是常规电子投票协议的延伸——内部投票协议,同样是一个基于安全多方计算的协议,且该内部投票协议做到全隐私、可验证和计算简便。同时,本文将两种电子投票协议分别运用于累积投票制与企业董事会投票等实际情境中,充分展示了两种协议的可塑性和实用性。最后,在阐述电子投票协议的各种类型以及安全性要求的基础上,提出了一个新的基于安全多方计算的电子拍卖协议,虽然协议较为简单,但满足了电子拍卖协议的安全性要求,同时计算简便,便于应用。
[Abstract]:Buying, selling and voting are two kinds of activities with a long history. They are not only an indispensable part of people's life, but also the key to the operation and management of enterprises. Now, with the rapid development of computer and network technology, the Internet information age has come quietly. The Internet information age gives new forms of trading and voting, such as electronic transactions, electronic auctions, electronic voting, and so on. Advanced network technology not only brings all kinds of convenience and economic benefits to enterprises, but also brings all kinds of risks and hidden dangers to security. With the increasing demand for the protection of personal privacy, how to ensure the security of information has become a major theme of the times. The emergence of secure multi-party computing provides a new security guarantee for the information explosion and the Internet information age which is full of information security hidden dangers. Secure multi-party computing makes the participants in the network environment of mutual distrust, without the help of the participation of third parties, through the exchange of information between participants, with the premise of not revealing their privacy, to achieve a variety of functional calculations. In order to complete a variety of new activities. Therefore, based on secure multi-party computing, this paper is devoted to the research of electronic voting and electronic auction, and applies these two research directions to the specific enterprise management situation. The specific work is as follows: firstly, the secure multi-party calculation is explained in detail, and the two important components of secure multi-party computation are analyzed and summarized. A new secure multi-party ranking protocol is proposed, which is secure and efficient, and has low computational complexity. It lays a good foundation for the application of secure multi-party computing to electronic voting protocols and electronic auction protocols. Secondly, two new electronic voting protocols are proposed. One is to improve the conventional electronic voting protocol, which is a verifiable electronic voting protocol based on secure multi-party computing. At the same time, the applicability is strong. The other is an extension of the conventional electronic voting protocol, the internal voting protocol, which is also a secure multi-party computing protocol, and the internal voting protocol is fully private, verifiable and easy to calculate. At the same time, this paper applies the two electronic voting protocols to the actual situations such as cumulative voting system and corporate board voting system, which fully demonstrate the plasticity and practicability of the two protocols. Finally, a new electronic auction protocol based on secure multi-party computing is proposed on the basis of describing the various types and security requirements of electronic voting protocol, although the protocol is relatively simple. But it meets the security requirements of the electronic auction protocol, and it is easy to calculate and easy to use.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F713.359;TP309

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