面向GIS的可自定成图系统的研制

发布时间：2018-10-04 21:39

【摘要】：在测绘制图领域,随着数字化制图软件的出现,地图产品已经完全可以在成图软件的辅助下进行人机交互式的自动化、半自动化的生产。然而,随着城市建设更快的发展,地理要素的变化也在加速,软件中预设的绘图要素无法完全满足生产实际及项目方的需求;而且软件所绘图形需要经过基于要素的转换或转换到SHP文件作为中间格式才能被ArcGIS所使用。因此有必要研制出一套既可以让最终用户自己定制绘图要素又能使所绘图形直接被ArcGIS所使用的成图系统。本文使用C#语言及Visual Studio2015开发环境,在AutoCAD2015平台下进行二次开发,以SQL Server2014作为后台数据库,并采用Entity Framework技术实现数据库的数据访问,研制出了一套面向GIS的可自定成图系统。针对扩展或修改系统所能绘制的要素对最终用户素质和技术水平要求较高而且严重影响绘图效率的问题,本文把绘制要素所需的数据从绘图程序中独立出来,使数据具有高度的独立性,绘图程序具有高度的通用性;并采用数据库组织和存储数据;同时提供能由最终用户进行创建、编辑、添加的可自定控制信息数据库管理系统,相比较通过客户化定制或者二次开发的方法,本系统能让最终用户即使不修改系统的程序也能便捷地扩展系统所能绘制的要素,极大地提高了绘制不同测绘地理信息数字地图的效率。对于系统提供的电子数据必须经过数据转换才能被ArcGIS所使用且转化后存在属性数据丢失的问题,本文采用ESRI公司的“CAD制图规范”组织和存放要素类的定义信息和要素的属性数据的方法,使系统所绘图形无需经过任何中间处理而能直接被ArcGIS所使用,该方法克服了过去由于数据转换而造成信息丢失和效率低下的问题。最后本文分别以国家基本比例尺1:1000图式和相应数据字典、广州市地下管线探测技术规程为准,建立存储了1191个要素和591个要素的控制信息数据库管理系统;并以1:1000地形图(共计2150个图形要素)和1:500地下管线图(共计2530个图形要素)实测数据进行数字成图;接着使用ArcMap 10.2软件直接使用本绘图系统保存的上述地形图和管线图的DWG文件。系统经测试表明,最终用户可以添加、修改、删除可自定控制信息数据库中的所有要素类的控制信息,且系统所绘图形能不经过任何中间处理直接被ArcGIS所使用。与当前主流的成图系统相比,本系统的使用能够使最终用户快捷地制作出满足生产实际及项目方需要的测绘地理信息数字地图,并在一定程度上提高了空间数据库的建设效率。
[Abstract]:In the field of mapping and mapping, with the emergence of digital cartography software, map products can be fully assisted by the mapping software for human-computer interaction automation, semi-automatic production. However, with the rapid development of urban construction, the change of geographical elements is also accelerating, and the default drawing elements in the software can not fully meet the needs of the actual production and project parties; Furthermore, the graphics drawn by the software need to be transformed or converted to SHP files as intermediate format to be used by ArcGIS. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mapping system which can not only allow the end-user to customize the drawing elements but also enable the drawing to be used directly by ArcGIS. In this paper, using C # language and Visual Studio2015 development environment, the secondary development is carried out under the AutoCAD2015 platform, SQL Server2014 is used as the backstage database, and the data access of the database is realized by using Entity Framework technology, and a set of self-determining graphic system oriented to GIS is developed. In view of the problem that the factors that can be drawn by extending or modifying the system require higher quality and technical level of the end user and seriously affect the efficiency of drawing, the data needed to draw the elements are separated from the drawing program in this paper. It makes the data highly independent, the drawing program has a high degree of versatility, and uses the database to organize and store the data. At the same time, it provides a customizable control information database management system that can be created, edited and added by the end user. Compared with the custom or secondary development method, the system enables the end user to extend the elements that the system can draw even without modifying the program of the system. The efficiency of drawing digital map of different geographic information is greatly improved. For the electronic data provided by the system must go through data conversion before it can be used by ArcGIS and there is the problem of attribute data loss after conversion. In this paper, the method of organizing and storing the definition information of element class and attribute data of elements is adopted in CAD Cartographic Specification of ESRI Company, so that the graphics drawn by the system can be directly used by ArcGIS without any intermediate processing. This method overcomes the problems of information loss and inefficiency caused by data conversion in the past. Finally, based on the national basic scale of 1: 1000 schema and the corresponding data dictionary, Guangzhou underground pipeline detection technical specification, a control information database management system with 1191 elements and 591 elements is established. The data of 1: 1000 topographic map (a total of 2150 graphic elements) and 1: 500 underground pipeline map (a total of 2530 graphic elements) are used to make the digital map. Then use ArcMap 10.2 software to directly use the mapping system to save the above topographic map and pipeline map of the DWG file. The system tests show that the end user can add, modify and delete the control information of all element classes in the self-defined control information database, and the graphics drawn by the system can be directly used by ArcGIS without any intermediate processing. Compared with the current mainstream mapping system, the use of the system can enable the end user to quickly make the mapping geographic information digital map that meets the needs of the production and project parties, and to a certain extent improve the efficiency of the construction of spatial database.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P208

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