应用于热液探测中的声学成像算法与实现

发布时间：2018-11-13 10:11

【摘要】：海洋蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源、海水能源、海洋药物和油气资源,对人类的生存和可持续发展有着重要意义。目前人类已发现六大类海底矿产资源,其中热液矿藏的发现让人类对于海洋资源的开发和利用以及海洋地质生物学有了新的认识。现代海洋探测领域的工作效率不高,尤其是海底热液的探测活动,如何进行高效的海底热液探测仍然是这个领域所面临的一大难题。本文针对热液在喷发过程中伴随产生气泡的本质特性,研究了一种基于声学方法的海底热液观测方法。本文的第一部分为理论部分,该部分主要对气泡的散射特性、谐振特性以及散射截面等基本声学特性进行了研究。阐述了热液的声学探测方法的原理并论证了声学观测方法相对于其他方法的优势;同时通过分析图像声呐设计参数验证了基于声学方法探测热液的可行性。本设计主要应用图像声呐对热液喷口进行观测,声呐通过接收换能器接收经气泡散射的声回波信号,之后经过一系列的图像声呐算法得到信号的波束形成结果和扇形变换结果。论文的第二部分主要针对图像声呐算法的仿真与实现进行论述。该部分包括图像声呐成像算法理论的研究以及图像声呐算法的硬件实现平台的研究。分析了TMS320C6678型号DSP的优势并对其多核自启动、多核算法的实现及优化进行了深入分析,之后进行了相关算法的仿真和硬件平台的算法实现。本文最后一部分为实验部分,主要用于验证图像声呐算法的可靠性和鲁棒性,同时给出了热液喷口模型及热液探测的模拟实验装置,用于验证声学方法探测热液的可行性及正确性。
[Abstract]:The ocean is rich in mineral resources, sea water energy, marine medicine and oil and gas resources, which is of great significance for the survival and sustainable development of human beings. At present, six kinds of submarine mineral resources have been discovered, among which the discovery of hydrothermal mineral deposits has made people have a new understanding of the exploitation and utilization of marine resources and marine geobiology. The work efficiency in the field of modern ocean exploration is not high, especially in the field of submarine hydrothermal exploration, how to carry out high efficiency submarine hydrothermal detection is still a big problem in this field. In this paper, an acoustical method for underwater hydrothermal observation is studied, which is based on the essential characteristics of bubbles produced by hydrothermal eruptions. The first part of this paper is the theoretical part, which mainly studies the basic acoustic characteristics of the bubble, such as scattering characteristics, resonance characteristics and scattering cross sections. The principle of hydrothermal acoustic detection method is expounded and the advantages of acoustic observation method compared with other methods are demonstrated, and the feasibility of detecting hydrothermal solution based on acoustic method is verified by analyzing the design parameters of image sonar. In this design, image sonar is mainly used to observe hydrothermal nozzle. Sonar receives acoustic echo signal scattered by bubble by receiving transducer, and then obtains beamforming result and sector transform result by a series of image sonar algorithms. The second part mainly discusses the simulation and implementation of image sonar algorithm. This part includes the research of image sonar imaging algorithm theory and the hardware implementation platform of image sonar algorithm. The advantages of TMS320C6678 model DSP are analyzed, and the realization and optimization of multi-core self-start and multi-accounting method are deeply analyzed. Then, the simulation of related algorithms and the algorithm realization of hardware platform are carried out. The last part of this paper is the experimental part, which is mainly used to verify the reliability and robustness of the image sonar algorithm. At the same time, the hydrothermal nozzle model and the simulation experimental device for hydrothermal detection are given. It is used to verify the feasibility and correctness of acoustic method for detecting hydrothermal solution.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.41;TB56

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