大数据技术对社会治理的影响及对策研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 07:27

【摘要】：人类社会伴随着信息技术的迅速发展进入了数字信息时代。获取和掌握信息的能力逐渐成为衡量一个国家实力强弱的基本要素。一切信息根据其不同的需求决定其不同的效益,然而一切有益的信息都是从大量数据中挖掘分析出来的。海量数据又随着时间持续产生、不断流动、逐渐扩散形成大数据。大数据用来描述数据量非常巨大的同时还突出强调处理数据的速度,因此大数据成为数据分析领域的前沿技术。大数据不仅限于技术维度它更是一种能力一种思维一个时代。大数据引发了一场巨大的社会变革,社会治理领域也受到了深刻的影响。本文以大数据技术与社会治理的基础研究为前提研究了大数据技术对社会治理的影响。大数据技术是一把双刃剑,在给社会治理带来有效途径的同时也带来了潜在的社会风险,在给社会治理带来积极的正面影响的同时也产生了消极的负面影响,在推动社会治理科学化实现社会善治的同时带来了隐私保护、信息安全、数据崇拜、数字鸿沟和信息孤岛等问题。本文基于大数据技术对社会治理的正负影响及我国社会治理中大数据技术应用的现状进而对我国社会治理中大数据技术的应用提出相应的对策选择。首先,要树立大数据治理意识,全面推进实行大数据治理战略;其次,要完善大数据基础设施建设,根据我国的现状可以从建立大数据公共服务体系及完善电子政务平台两方面着手;第三,要加强大数据相关人才的培养,要准确把握大数据的人才观及人才需求进而培养专业的大数据人才。第四,建立数据使用规范,优化大数据立法,强化大数据伦理规范。真正改变社会的不只是技术或是数据,而是有权进行对策选择、制度改革的政府部门和掌握技术拥有数据的社会公民,是无数开放的自由人互相协作共同分享而产生的层出不穷的新观念与新方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, human society has entered the digital information age. The ability to obtain and master information has gradually become the basic factor to measure the strength of a country. All information determines its different benefits according to its different requirements. However, all useful information is mined from a large number of data. Mass data continue to produce with time, flow, gradually spread to form big data. Big data used to describe the huge amount of data, but also highlighted the speed of data processing. Therefore, big data has become the frontier technology in the field of data analysis. Big data is not limited to the technical dimension it is a kind of ability, a kind of thinking an era. Big data caused a huge social change, and the social governance field was also deeply affected. Based on the basic research of big data's technology and social governance, this paper studies the influence of big data's technology on social governance. Big data's technology is a double-edged sword. It not only brings effective ways to social governance, but also brings potential social risks. It has a positive and negative impact on social governance at the same time. At the same time, it brings many problems, such as privacy protection, information security, data worship, digital divide and information island. Based on the positive and negative effects of big data technology on social governance and the present situation of the application of big data technology in social governance in China, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures for the application of big data technology in social governance in China. First of all, we should set up big data's consciousness of governance and comprehensively promote the implementation of big data's governance strategy. Secondly, in order to perfect big data's infrastructure construction, according to the present situation of our country, we can start from two aspects: establishing public service system and perfecting E-government platform; Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of big data's related talents, to accurately grasp the talent outlook and talent demand of big data, and then to train the professionals of big data. Fourth, the establishment of data use norms, optimize big data legislation, and strengthen big data ethical norms. What really changes society is not just technology or data, but government departments that have the right to make policy choices, institutional reforms, and social citizens who have access to technology and data. It is an endless stream of new ideas and methods produced by countless open free people who cooperate and share with each other.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP311.13

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