基于微服务架构的平台化服务框架的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-12-15 19:41

【摘要】：随着互联网和软件技术的发展,软件系统架构从单体式架构到面向服务架构一直在不断演进。近年来,面向服务的架构方式由于其灵活、解耦、规范化等诸多优势,被广泛应用于大型企业系统架构。但是基于ESB(Enterprise Service Bus)构建的面向服务架构也存在集中化、成本高、维护难等问题。对于面向服务架构的不足,国内外互联网企业探索通过微服务架构方式,优化系统服务化的构建和管理。微服务架构去中心化、高度自治、自动化等特点进一步对系统架构进行解耦,并且和敏捷迭代、DevOps文化更加契合,可以使用较低的成本,满足企业软件研发体系结构发展需要,提高研发效率,规范服务治理。本文对使用API网关构建微服务系统进行了分析和研究。首先,基于Spring Boot框架和Protocol Buffers实现了高效的微服务开发框架,它支持服务定义、服务注册发现、服务间REST和RPC通信、服务持续集成等功能。另外,结合Nginx和Lua语言的OpenResty平台,开发了具有权限校验、流量控制、反向代理等功能的高性能的API网关以及API网关的业务管理系统。按照软件工程研发的流程和方法,结合公司具体业务和服务治理需求,通过用例建模分析系统需求、通过系统逻辑架构完成公司服务治理方案、微服务开发框架和API网关的架构设计,分析和实现了各系统之间主要接口,完成了 API网关的数据库设计。设计流程图、类图和时序图,完成本人主要负责的服务框架脚本工具、服务间通信、API网关请求代理以及流量控制配置功能的详细设计并进行编码实现。最后通过功能性测试和非功能性测试对系统功能和性能进行了验证。目前本项目的微服务开发框架已经在公司多个产品线中投入使用,API网关每日支撑了数亿次API调用请求。随着公司继续推进微服务架构快速发展,平台化服务框架的生态会更加丰富和完善。
[Abstract]:With the development of Internet and software technology, software system architecture has been evolving from single architecture to service oriented architecture. In recent years, service-oriented architecture has been widely used in large enterprise systems because of its flexibility, decoupling, standardization and many other advantages. However, the service-oriented architecture based on ESB (Enterprise Service Bus) also has some problems, such as centralization, high cost and difficult maintenance. For the shortcomings of service-oriented architecture, domestic and foreign Internet enterprises explore the way of micro-service architecture to optimize the construction and management of system service. The characteristics of microservice architecture such as decentralization, high autonomy, automation and so on further decouple the system architecture, and it is more compatible with agile iteration and DevOps culture, and can use lower cost to meet the development needs of enterprise software R & D architecture. Improve R & D efficiency and standardize service management. This paper analyzes and studies the use of API gateway to build a micro-service system. Firstly, an efficient microservice development framework based on Spring Boot framework and Protocol Buffers is implemented. It supports service definition, service registration and discovery, REST and RPC communication between services, continuous integration of services, and so on. In addition, based on the OpenResty platform of Nginx and Lua, a high performance API gateway and a service management system of API gateway are developed with the functions of authorization check, traffic control, reverse proxy and so on. According to the process and method of software engineering research and development, combined with the specific business and service management requirements of the company, the system requirements are analyzed by use case modeling, and the corporate service governance scheme is completed through the system logic architecture. The architecture design of micro service development framework and API gateway is analyzed and implemented. The database design of API gateway is completed. Design flow chart, class diagram and timing diagram, complete the main responsible service framework script tools, inter-service communication, API gateway request agent and flow control configuration function of the detailed design and coding implementation. Finally, the function and performance of the system are verified by functional test and non-functional test. At present, the microservice development framework of this project has been put into use in many product lines of the company, and the API gateway supports hundreds of millions of API call requests a day. As the company continues to promote the rapid development of micro-service architecture, the ecosystem of platform-based service framework will be more rich and perfect.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.52

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