陶瓷基片外观检测及分拣系统设计

发布时间：2019-03-06 21:01

【摘要】：在电阻及电容的组成材料中,陶瓷基片的尺寸和表面光滑度都决定着电阻的阻值和电容的容量,同时随着电子产业的发展,电阻、电容要求制作的越来越小,使得对陶瓷基片的检测有更高的要求。目前市面上对陶瓷基片的检测都是用视觉处理来克服人工检测的缺陷,但大多数方法都是直接利用像素坐标进行参数计算,需要系统进行庞大的数据计算,并要通过硬件的精密配合来完成图像的采集。本文在此基础上做了改进,设计了陶瓷基片检测器用来对陶瓷基片的表面光滑度、基片外形尺寸进行检测,以及对矩形基片的垂直度检测;设计了结合检测结果对产品进行自动分拣的分拣机构。具体工作内容如下:(1)分析了基片的常见缺陷和尺寸大小,根据缺陷特征参数对基片是否含有缺陷进行判断、分类,完成检测器的检测任务。系统中采用了稳定性好、传输效率高的PPI通信协议,将嵌入式系统得出的检测结果传送至PLC,并通过对伺服电机的控制完成自动分拣功能,完成分拣机构设计。最后,利用miniGUI来制作人机界面,完成整个过程的人机交互功能。(2)在基片检测过程中,系统中为了克服传统的缺陷参数计算过程中出现的误差,先采用像素坐标计算的方法,得出计算结果一;然后求出基片重心,以及离重心最远点和最近点的距离,来计算相关参数,得出计算结果二;最后,将二者作分析比较,得出最终计算参数,并设计参数计算程序。(3)系统在嵌入式平台上,利用实时图像采集程序和图像处理程序得到单像素宽度的基片边缘图像。并使用亚像素算法得到供参数计算使用的亚像素边缘坐标。(4)在实验室现有的实验条件下,搭建了系统的实验平台,对系统的各控制部分分别进行了实验验证。通过实验结果发现,系统的各个部分都能够在相关程序的指引下完成相对应的系统功能,并且验证了系统的设计可以在规定的时间及误差范围内完成陶瓷基片的各项检测及分拣功能,具有低功耗、低成本、安装方便、精度高、实时性好等特点,并能够克服传统检测的诸多缺点。
[Abstract]:In the composition materials of resistance and capacitance, the size and surface smoothness of ceramic substrate determine the resistance value and capacitance capacity. At the same time, with the development of electronic industry, the requirement of fabrication of resistance and capacitance becomes smaller and smaller. It makes the detection of ceramic substrate have higher requirements. At present, the detection of ceramic substrates on the market is to overcome the defects of manual inspection by visual processing, but most methods use pixel coordinates directly to calculate parameters, which requires a large amount of data calculation in the system. And through the precise cooperation of the hardware to complete the image acquisition. In this paper, the ceramic substrate detector is designed to detect the smooth surface of ceramic substrate, the size of the substrate, and the verticality of the rectangular substrate, on the basis of this, the ceramic substrate detector is designed to detect the smoothness of the surface of the ceramic substrate and the dimension of the substrate. A sorting mechanism for automatic sorting of products is designed based on the testing results. The main contents are as follows: (1) the common defects and the size of the substrate are analyzed, and the defects in the substrate are judged and classified according to the defect characteristic parameters, and the detection task of the detector is completed. The PPI communication protocol, which has good stability and high transmission efficiency, is adopted in the system. The test results obtained from the embedded system are transmitted to the PLC, and the automatic sorting function is completed through the control of the servo motor, and the sorting mechanism is designed. Finally, using miniGUI to make man-machine interface to complete the whole process of human-computer interaction. (2) in the process of substrate detection, the system in order to overcome the traditional error in the calculation of defect parameters, Firstly, the method of pixel coordinate calculation is used to get the first result. Then the center of gravity of the substrate and the distance from the farthest point and the nearest point of the center of gravity are calculated to calculate the related parameters and get the result of calculation. Finally, the final calculation parameters are obtained by comparing them. (3) on the embedded platform, the real-time image acquisition program and the image processing program are used to obtain the single pixel width image of the substrate edge. (3) the system uses the real-time image acquisition program and the image processing program to obtain the single pixel width substrate edge image. The sub-pixel edge coordinates for parameter calculation are obtained by using the sub-pixel algorithm. (4) under the existing experimental conditions in the laboratory, the experimental platform of the system is built, and the control parts of the system are verified by experiments. The experimental results show that each part of the system can complete the corresponding system functions under the guidance of the relevant procedures. And verified that the design of the system can complete the detection and sorting functions of ceramic substrates within the specified time and error range, with the characteristics of low power consumption, low cost, convenient installation, high precision and good real-time performance, and so on. It can overcome many shortcomings of traditional detection.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ174.6;TP391.41

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