用于分布式RFID系统的光收发模块及天线控制电路设计与实现
发布时间：2019-03-23 18:38
【摘要】：RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)技术是一种非接触式自动识别技术,因其数据存储容量大、支持远程识别等特点而受到广泛的关注与研究。然而数据信息的爆炸式增长对RFID系统提出了越来越高的要求。传统RFID系统读取范围有限,需要大量读写器才能实现RFID信号的大面积覆盖。RFID系统存在一些固有的盲区,在盲区内标签被成功读取的概率大大降低,从而降低了整个RFID系统的精确度。这些都限制了传统RFID系统在覆盖范围大、标签密度高的场景中的应用。本论文研究了一种新型分布式光载RFID系统。该系统将分布式RoF(Radio over Fiber)技术和RFID技术相结合,利用光纤通信低传输损耗的特性,将RFID信号拉远,提高了单个读写器的有效覆盖范围,同时有助于多个读写器的集中管控。该系统采用天线切换的方法提高系统读取精度。通过改变发送天线和接收天线的配对方式,改变盲区在RFID系统中的位置,从而构建一个等效无盲区的RFID系统。本论文设计了专门用于超高频光载RFID系统的光收发模块。其典型工作频段为902MHz～928MHz,相比于功能复杂的宽频光模块,具有结构简单、成本低、易于集成等优势。所设计的光模块下行链路射频发射功率最大可以达到30dBm,并且可以根据需要进行调节;上行链路增益OdB,输出三阶截点20dBm,无杂散动态范围105.8dB·Hz2/3,满足RFID系统的需求。本论文设计了用于控制收发天线匹配状态的天线切换控制器。天线切换部分使用射频开关实现。插入损耗小,为1.6dB;隔离度高,每一路隔离度均高于54dB。切换控制部分基于FPGA最小系统实现,完成与主机通信和控制天线切换状态的功能。通过主机发送指令,可以实现对天线切换时间间隔、收发天线切换顺序等参数的灵活配置。经过实际测试,使用天线切换控制器的RFID系统,在读取精度上可以提升约15%。
[Abstract]:RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is a kind of contactless automatic identification technology. It has attracted extensive attention and research because of its large data storage capacity and support for remote identification. However, the explosive growth of data information puts forward higher and higher requirements for RFID system. The traditional RFID system has a limited reading range and needs a large number of readers to cover the RFID signal in a large area. There are some inherent blind areas in the system, and the probability of successfully reading the tags in the blind area is greatly reduced. Thus, the accuracy of the whole RFID system is reduced. All these limit the application of traditional RFID system in the scene with large coverage and high label density. In this paper, a new distributed optical-borne RFID system is studied. The system combines distributed RoF (Radio over Fiber) technology with RFID technology, and makes use of the characteristic of low transmission loss of optical fiber communication, extends the RFID signal, improves the effective coverage of a single reader, and contributes to the centralized control of multiple readers at the same time. The system adopts antenna switching method to improve the reading accuracy of the system. By changing the pairing mode of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, the position of blind area in RFID system is changed, and an equivalent blind-free RFID system is constructed. In this paper, an optical transceiver module for ultra-high frequency (UHF) optical carrier RFID system is designed. The typical operating frequency band is 902MHz / 928MHz. Compared with the complex broadband optical module, it has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easy integration. The design of the optical module downlink RF transmission power can reach up to 30 dBm, and can be adjusted according to the need; The uplink gain OdB, outputs a third-order cut-off point of 20 dBm with no spurious dynamic range of 105.8dB 路Hz2 / 3, which meets the needs of RFID systems. In this paper, an antenna switching controller is designed to control the matching state of receiving and transmitting antennas. The antenna switching part is realized by radio frequency switch. Insertion loss is small, 1.6 dB, isolation is high, each way isolation is higher than 54 dB. The switching control part is realized based on the FPGA minimum system, and the functions of communicating with the host computer and controlling the switching state of the antenna are completed. The flexible configuration of parameters such as antenna switching time interval and transmit and receive antenna switching sequence can be realized by sending instructions from host computer. After practical testing, the RFID system using antenna switching controller can improve reading accuracy by about 15%.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.44
本文编号：2446125
[Abstract]:RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is a kind of contactless automatic identification technology. It has attracted extensive attention and research because of its large data storage capacity and support for remote identification. However, the explosive growth of data information puts forward higher and higher requirements for RFID system. The traditional RFID system has a limited reading range and needs a large number of readers to cover the RFID signal in a large area. There are some inherent blind areas in the system, and the probability of successfully reading the tags in the blind area is greatly reduced. Thus, the accuracy of the whole RFID system is reduced. All these limit the application of traditional RFID system in the scene with large coverage and high label density. In this paper, a new distributed optical-borne RFID system is studied. The system combines distributed RoF (Radio over Fiber) technology with RFID technology, and makes use of the characteristic of low transmission loss of optical fiber communication, extends the RFID signal, improves the effective coverage of a single reader, and contributes to the centralized control of multiple readers at the same time. The system adopts antenna switching method to improve the reading accuracy of the system. By changing the pairing mode of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, the position of blind area in RFID system is changed, and an equivalent blind-free RFID system is constructed. In this paper, an optical transceiver module for ultra-high frequency (UHF) optical carrier RFID system is designed. The typical operating frequency band is 902MHz / 928MHz. Compared with the complex broadband optical module, it has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easy integration. The design of the optical module downlink RF transmission power can reach up to 30 dBm, and can be adjusted according to the need; The uplink gain OdB, outputs a third-order cut-off point of 20 dBm with no spurious dynamic range of 105.8dB 路Hz2 / 3, which meets the needs of RFID systems. In this paper, an antenna switching controller is designed to control the matching state of receiving and transmitting antennas. The antenna switching part is realized by radio frequency switch. Insertion loss is small, 1.6 dB, isolation is high, each way isolation is higher than 54 dB. The switching control part is realized based on the FPGA minimum system, and the functions of communicating with the host computer and controlling the switching state of the antenna are completed. The flexible configuration of parameters such as antenna switching time interval and transmit and receive antenna switching sequence can be realized by sending instructions from host computer. After practical testing, the RFID system using antenna switching controller can improve reading accuracy by about 15%.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.44
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