高敏感度无源RFID传感标签的设计研究
发布时间：2019-03-29 11:50
【摘要】：近年来,无源射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术与传感器功能相结合形成的无源RFID传感技术,引起了人们的广泛关注。无源RFID技术与传感器的结合方式通常是RFID标签与传感器结合,即无源RFID传感标签。无源RFID传感标签具有成本低、寿命长等优点,但其设计挑战在于如何实现尽可能高的传感敏感度,以精确地感知细微的环境变化。现有的无源RFID传感标签设计通过特别地选定标签天线拓扑、并优化天线尺寸来提高标签的传感敏感度。无论无源RF1D传感标签的天线采用何种拓扑以及是否优化,本文将在传感标签的RFID芯片和天线之间设计插入一个无源的敏化电路,以大幅度提高无源RFID传感标签的传感敏感度。围绕敏化电路,本论文的研究内容包括:1.建立了匹配网络的网络敏感度理论。在微波网络和匹配网络理论的基础上,提出了匹配网络对负载变化的网络敏感度定义,并分析了完全匹配、小失配匹配网络的网络敏感度。通过设计、制作和测试多个匹配电路,验证了网络敏感度的定义和分析的有效性;2.提出了敏化电路的设计理论及方法。鉴于环境变化决定了传感标签天线或负载的阻抗变化路径,匹配网络设计于路径上不同负载阻抗时,在全路径上产生的总体敏感度不同。选定在全路径上具有最大总体敏感度的网络作为敏化电路。给出了决定敏化电路的散射参数和最佳负载的设计原则,以及敏化电路的集总、分布参数电路实现方式;3.研究了基于敏化电路的高敏感度无源RFID传感标签设计技术。现有的无源RFID传感标签设计通过优化选定拓扑的标签天线尺寸来提高传感敏感度。而设计实例证明:将敏化电路加入已优化的传感标签中,传感标签的敏感度仍可以大幅度提高。考虑到天线优化一般是盲目、耗时的,设计实例证明:敏化电路可以结合未经优化的标签天线,以高效地设计高敏感度无源RFID传感标签。鉴于传感器在天线上的加载位置是影响传感标签敏感度的重要因素,优化了传感器的加载位置以最大化由敏化电路带来的传感敏感度的提升。4.开展了敏化电路和标签天线的联合优化设计研究。首先,为了实现更高的敏感度,通过采用基于MOEA/D-DE(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition combined with differential evolution)算法的标签天线优化方法,提出了最适合敏化电路的标签天线优化目标。其次,为了实现更紧凑的高敏感度传感标签结构,将敏化电路和标签天线一体化设计。通过分析敏化电路和天线拓扑在高敏感度传感标签设计中的权重,说明了一体化设计的必要性。最后,采用基于 MOEA/D-GO(MOEA/D combined with genetic operators)算法和Fragment型结构的标签天线拓扑优化方法,将敏化电路看作天线拓扑的部分结构,探索最敏感或最合适的无源RFID传感标签天线拓扑。综上,本文通过对敏化电路进行系统的深入的研究,为高敏感度无源RFID传感标签设计提供了一套全新的且更为有效的设计方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the passive RFID sensing technology, which is formed by the combination of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and the sensor function, has caused widespread attention. The combination of passive rfid technology with the sensor is typically a combination of an rfid tag with a sensor, i. e. a passive rfid sensor tag. The passive rfid sensor tag has the advantages of low cost, long service life and the like, but the design challenge is how to achieve as high a sensing sensitivity as possible to accurately perceive subtle environmental changes. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve the sensing sensitivity of the tag by specifically selecting the tag antenna topology and optimizing the antenna size. Regardless of the topology and optimization of the antenna of the passive RF1D sensing tag, a passive sensitization circuit is designed to be inserted between the RFID chip and the antenna of the sensing tag to substantially improve the sensing sensitivity of the passive RFID sensor tag. The research contents of this thesis include:1. The network sensitivity theory of the matching network is established. On the basis of the microwave network and the matching network theory, the network sensitivity definition of the matching network to the load change is proposed, and the network sensitivity of the matching network with the small mismatch is analyzed. by designing, making and testing a plurality of matching circuits, the definition and the validity of the network sensitivity are verified; The design theory and method of the sensitization circuit are put forward. In view of the fact that the environmental change determines the impedance change path of the sensing tag antenna or load, the overall sensitivity generated on the full path is different when the matching network is designed for different load impedances on the path. A network with the largest overall sensitivity on the full path is selected as a sensitizing circuit. The design principle of the scattering parameter and the optimal load of the sensitizing circuit is given, and the general and distributed parameter circuit of the sensitized circuit is realized. The design technology of high-sensitivity passive RFID (RFID) sensor based on the sensitization circuit is studied. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve sensing sensitivity by optimizing the tag antenna size of the selected topology. And the design example proves that the sensitivity of the sensing label can be greatly improved when the sensitized circuit is added into the optimized sensing label. In view of the fact that antenna optimization is generally blind, time-consuming, the design example demonstrates that a sensitizing circuit can incorporate an unoptimized tag antenna to efficiently design a high-sensitivity passive rfid sensing tag. In view of the fact that the loading position of the sensor on the antenna is an important factor that affects the sensitivity of the sensing tag, the loading position of the sensor is optimized to maximize the boost of the sensing sensitivity brought by the sensitized circuit. The joint optimization design of the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna is carried out. First, in order to achieve higher sensitivity, a label antenna optimization method is proposed based on the MOEA/ D-DE (multi-objective) algorithm based on the method of optimization of the tag antenna. Second, in order to realize a more compact high-sensitivity sensing label structure, the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna are integrated. The necessity of the integrated design is explained by analyzing the weight of the sensitization circuit and the antenna topology in the high-sensitivity sensor label design. Finally, using the MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D-GO) algorithm and the fragment antenna topology optimization method of the Fragrant-type structure, the sensitization circuit is considered as a partial structure of the antenna topology, and the most sensitive or most suitable passive RFID sensor tag antenna topology is explored. In general, this paper provides a new and more effective design method for high-sensitivity passive RFID tag design through the deep research of the sensitization circuit.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44
本文编号：2449516
[Abstract]:In recent years, the passive RFID sensing technology, which is formed by the combination of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and the sensor function, has caused widespread attention. The combination of passive rfid technology with the sensor is typically a combination of an rfid tag with a sensor, i. e. a passive rfid sensor tag. The passive rfid sensor tag has the advantages of low cost, long service life and the like, but the design challenge is how to achieve as high a sensing sensitivity as possible to accurately perceive subtle environmental changes. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve the sensing sensitivity of the tag by specifically selecting the tag antenna topology and optimizing the antenna size. Regardless of the topology and optimization of the antenna of the passive RF1D sensing tag, a passive sensitization circuit is designed to be inserted between the RFID chip and the antenna of the sensing tag to substantially improve the sensing sensitivity of the passive RFID sensor tag. The research contents of this thesis include:1. The network sensitivity theory of the matching network is established. On the basis of the microwave network and the matching network theory, the network sensitivity definition of the matching network to the load change is proposed, and the network sensitivity of the matching network with the small mismatch is analyzed. by designing, making and testing a plurality of matching circuits, the definition and the validity of the network sensitivity are verified; The design theory and method of the sensitization circuit are put forward. In view of the fact that the environmental change determines the impedance change path of the sensing tag antenna or load, the overall sensitivity generated on the full path is different when the matching network is designed for different load impedances on the path. A network with the largest overall sensitivity on the full path is selected as a sensitizing circuit. The design principle of the scattering parameter and the optimal load of the sensitizing circuit is given, and the general and distributed parameter circuit of the sensitized circuit is realized. The design technology of high-sensitivity passive RFID (RFID) sensor based on the sensitization circuit is studied. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve sensing sensitivity by optimizing the tag antenna size of the selected topology. And the design example proves that the sensitivity of the sensing label can be greatly improved when the sensitized circuit is added into the optimized sensing label. In view of the fact that antenna optimization is generally blind, time-consuming, the design example demonstrates that a sensitizing circuit can incorporate an unoptimized tag antenna to efficiently design a high-sensitivity passive rfid sensing tag. In view of the fact that the loading position of the sensor on the antenna is an important factor that affects the sensitivity of the sensing tag, the loading position of the sensor is optimized to maximize the boost of the sensing sensitivity brought by the sensitized circuit. The joint optimization design of the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna is carried out. First, in order to achieve higher sensitivity, a label antenna optimization method is proposed based on the MOEA/ D-DE (multi-objective) algorithm based on the method of optimization of the tag antenna. Second, in order to realize a more compact high-sensitivity sensing label structure, the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna are integrated. The necessity of the integrated design is explained by analyzing the weight of the sensitization circuit and the antenna topology in the high-sensitivity sensor label design. Finally, using the MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D-GO) algorithm and the fragment antenna topology optimization method of the Fragrant-type structure, the sensitization circuit is considered as a partial structure of the antenna topology, and the most sensitive or most suitable passive RFID sensor tag antenna topology is explored. In general, this paper provides a new and more effective design method for high-sensitivity passive RFID tag design through the deep research of the sensitization circuit.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44
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