基于RTAI的协议解析器的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-05-23 23:09

【摘要】：实时设备管控系统是将实时操作系统应用到设备监控和故障诊断中,实现实时管控、设备信息的可视化与永久化处理。协议解析器是系统的主要功能模块,通过实时通信完成数据交互,提取有效数据并计算处理。由于系统对实时性要求极高,本文通过对RTAI及Linux的性能测试,最终选用基于RTAI实时环境实现异构协议的解析。本文利用已有协议解析技术,结合相关的协议标准,设计可扩展的协议解析器,实现异构协议实时解析:使用具有扩展性的XML文档描述协议格式与内容,降低协议具体内容与解析代码的耦合度;设计Schema验证文档,对协议内容进行约束;设计解析子模版的处理方式,协议变化时,根据配置文件重新组合模版进行解析;通过RTAI编程接口及多线程处理,实现异构协议实时解析。协议解析器关键点包含以下几方面:1.协议解析实时性。设备管控系统决定了对实时处理的需求,因此要合理设计协议的处理方式,同时基于RTAI实时环境进行开发,以达到协议实时解析;2.实时数据通信。数据通信为设备管控系统的基本功能,本课题中使用UDP协议实现数据传输,使用RTnet实现实时通信;3.协议解析可扩展性。由于设备种类繁多,通信协议多样,必须设计可扩展方式降低对异构协议处理的代码修改代价。通过设计模式、组件设计等相关软件技术的学习应用,实现协议解析器,达到可扩展、易维护等目标,通过RTAI实时环境及RTnet实时通信保证系统实时性。系统测试表明:通过协议的XML描述、RTAI实时保障、解析子模版协议处理、多线程等方式的应用,协议解析器能够高效、实时地解析异构协议报文,获得可靠的解析结果,并且在修改或新增异构协议时,通过修改配置文件即可自动匹配解析子模版进行解析。
[Abstract]:Real-time equipment control system is to apply real-time operating system to device monitoring and fault diagnosis to realize real-time management and control, visualization and permanent processing of equipment information. Protocol resolver is the main function module of the system. Through real-time communication, the data exchange is completed, the effective data is extracted and processed. Due to the high real-time requirements of the system, this paper through the performance test of RTAI and Linux, and finally chooses the real-time environment based on RTAI to realize the analysis of heterogeneous protocols. In this paper, an extensible protocol resolver is designed by using the existing protocol parsing technology and related protocol standards to realize the real-time parsing of heterogeneous protocols: using extensible XML documents to describe the format and content of the protocol. Reduce the coupling degree between the specific content of the protocol and the parsing code; The Schema verification document is designed to constrain the protocol content, and the processing mode of the sub-template is designed and analyzed. When the protocol changes, the template is recombined according to the configuration file for parsing. Through RTAI programming interface and multi-thread processing, the real-time analysis of heterogeneous protocols is realized. The key points of the protocol resolver include the following aspects: 1. Real-time protocol analysis. The equipment management and control system determines the requirement of real-time processing, so it is necessary to design the processing mode of the protocol reasonably and develop it based on RTAI real-time environment to achieve the real-time analysis of the protocol. Real-time data communication. Data communication is the basic function of equipment control and control system. In this paper, UDP protocol is used to realize data transmission and RTnet is used to realize real-time communication. Protocol resolution extensibility. Because of the variety of devices and communication protocols, extensible methods must be designed to reduce the code modification cost of heterogeneous protocols. Through the learning and application of design pattern, component design and other related software technologies, the protocol resolver is realized to achieve the goals of scalability and easy maintenance. the real-time performance of the system is guaranteed by RTAI real-time environment and RTnet real-time communication. The system test shows that through the application of XML description, RTAI real-time guarantee, analytical subtemplate protocol processing, multithreading and so on, the protocol resolver can analyze heterogeneous protocol messages efficiently and in real time, and obtain reliable parsing results. When modifying or adding heterogeneous protocols, the resolution subtemplate can be automatically matched by modifying the configuration file.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院沈阳计算技术研究所)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.52

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