高层建筑双层橡胶支座分段隔震技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 15:16

本文关键词：高层建筑双层橡胶支座分段隔震技术研究　出处：《兰州理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统的结构抗震是通过结构本身的强度刚度和延性,以结构付出塑性变形和结构部件损伤为代价的抗震设计,这种方法很可能由于不具备自我调节的能力而无法满足安全要求,甚至在大地震或罕遇地震中带来巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡。此时,隔震设计方法作为一种更安全有效的抗震方法开始受到世界各国学者的关注、研究。早在20世纪初就有人提出了隔震的概念,但直到20世纪20年代才开始在工程上尝试应用。隔震理论的思想是在建筑物底部或某高度处设置足够可靠、水平刚度小的隔震层,来达到延长结构的自振周期,使其远离地震输入的卓越周期,避免共振的目的；同时,整个结构的水平变形绝大部分集中在隔震层,上部结构基本上是平动,并通过隔震层的阻尼器来吸收地震传入上部结构的能量,减小结构的地震响应,从而大大提高了建筑物的可靠性。近几十年来,现代隔震技术在基础理论和土木工程中得到了较大规模的应用。基于隔震结构理论,在众多学者和研究人员研究的基础之上,对基础隔震和层间隔震理论在高层建筑应用上的优缺点总结分析后,进而对高层建筑双层橡胶支座分段隔震问题进行了部分研究。首先,分析了双层橡胶支座分段隔震结构的简化计算模型问题,得到了双层橡胶支座分段隔震结构的动力学运动方程。并运用了ANSYS软件建立三维双层橡胶支座分段隔震结构的实体模型,对其进行模态分析。结果表明,分段隔震更好的延长了结构周期,减小了地震作用,第一、二阶振型主要以剪切变形为主。其次,对ANSYS软件建立的分段隔震结构模型,研究了其在双向地震作用下的动力响应问题。在分析此问题时,首先通过有限元软件建立非隔震结构、基础隔震结构、层间隔震结构和分段隔震结构的三维有限元模型,输入双向水平地震波后,借助ANSYS有限元分析软件分别分析各个隔震形式在多遇地震作用下的位移响应、加速度响应和最大剪力等情况,并对四者的数据进行对比分析。研究结果表明,双层橡胶支座分段隔震结构比其他隔震结构形式有较好的隔震效果。最后,研究了中间隔震层不同位置时的分段隔震结构的减震问题和分段隔震结构在罕遇地震影响下的倾覆问题。在研究分段隔震结构的双层橡胶支座设置位置不同引起的影响问题时,应用ANSYS软件建立中、高、低三种不同位置的双层橡胶支座的分段隔震结构模型。通过对模型的仿真时程分析,可得结论分段隔震体系的橡胶支座轴力一般为压力,减少了隔震支座出现拉应力的可能性；将建筑物拆成高宽比相近且较小的叠加结构,可避免高柔结构的弯曲变形,使其在地震作用下以剪切变形为主,进而避免发生倾覆失稳破坏。
[Abstract]:The traditional aseismic design of structure is based on the strength, stiffness and ductility of the structure itself, at the cost of plastic deformation and structural component damage. This method is likely to be unable to meet safety requirements due to its lack of self-regulation, and even to bring huge economic losses and casualties in large or rare earthquakes. As a safer and more effective seismic method, isolation design method has attracted the attention of scholars all over the world. As early as 20th century, the concept of isolation was put forward. But it was not until 1920s that the idea of isolation theory was to set a sufficiently reliable, horizontal isolation layer at the bottom of the building or at a certain height. In order to prolong the natural vibration period of the structure, make it away from the excellent period of earthquake input and avoid resonance. At the same time, the horizontal deformation of the whole structure is mostly concentrated in the isolation layer, the superstructure is basically translational, and through the damper of the isolation layer to absorb the energy of the earthquake transmitted to the upper structure, and reduce the seismic response of the structure. In recent several ten years, modern isolation technology has been widely used in basic theory and civil engineering, based on the theory of isolation structure. Based on the research of many scholars and researchers, the advantages and disadvantages of the theory of base isolation and interstory isolation in high-rise buildings are summarized and analyzed. Furthermore, the isolation problem of two-layer rubber bearings in high-rise buildings is studied in part. Firstly, the simplified calculation model of two-layer rubber bearing isolated structure is analyzed. The dynamic equations of motion of the two-layer rubber bearing segmented isolation structure are obtained, and the solid model of the three-dimensional two-layer rubber bearing segmented isolation structure is established by using ANSYS software. The results of modal analysis show that segmental isolation can prolong the structural period and reduce the seismic action. The first and second order modes are mainly shear deformation. Secondly, the dynamic response of the segmented isolated structure model established by ANSYS software under the action of bi-directional earthquake is studied. In the analysis of this problem, the non-isolated structure is first established by the finite element software. The three-dimensional finite element model of base-isolated structure, interstory isolated structure and section-isolated structure is inputted into the bi-directional horizontal seismic wave. The displacement response, acceleration response and maximum shear force of each isolated form are analyzed by means of ANSYS finite element analysis software. The results show that the two-layer rubber bearing isolation structure has better isolation effect than other isolation structures. Finally. In this paper, the problem of seismic absorption of segmented isolated structures with different positions of intermediate isolation layer and the overturning problem of segmented isolated structures under the influence of rare earthquakes are studied. The impact of the problem. The segmented isolation structure model with three different positions of middle, high and low positions was established by using ANSYS software. The simulation time history analysis of the model was carried out. It can be concluded that the axial force of rubber bearing is generally pressure, which reduces the possibility of tensile stress in isolation system. When the building is broken down into a superimposed structure with similar aspect ratio and smaller aspect ratio, the bending deformation of the high and flexible structure can be avoided, and the shear deformation is the main one under the earthquake action, thus avoiding the overturning instability and failure.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.12

【参考文献】