建筑企业安全文化与安全绩效关系的实证分析及比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 08:08

本文关键词：建筑企业安全文化与安全绩效关系的实证分析及比较研究　出处：《西南交通大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工程项目建筑施工行业具有施工流动、环境复杂、劳动密集、工艺繁琐等特点,其安全事故率一直居高不下,成为典型的高危行业。安全文化作为矫正不安全行为、提高高危行业整体可靠性的方法,具有作用持久、稳定、全面的特点,因而成为学术界研究焦点和实践界推行安全管理的重点。然而,有关不同国家建筑企业安全文化与安全绩效之间的作用机理研究较为鲜见。本研究从国际化的视角出发,紧紧围绕安全文化与安全绩效,综合运用前人研究成果,在构建建筑企业安全文化和安全绩效关系的一般模型的基础上,应用结构方程模型分别探讨了中国、巴基斯坦和非洲三个国家(安哥拉、肯尼亚、乌干达)建筑企业的安全文化内涵以及安全文化对安全绩效的影响,并进行了对比研究。在此基础上,就进一步提高中国建筑施工企业安全管理水平,增强海外市场竞争力提出了建议。首先,对安全文化与安全绩效测量量表的中国数据进行了实证分析。运用SPSS统计软件进行探索性因子分析得出中国工程项目安全文化包含情境文化、观念文化、制度文化和物质文化四个因子,安全绩效包含安全行为和安全结果两个因子。运用结构方程模型分析软件AMOS验证了六个因子之间的关系,得出情境文化对安全行为产生负向影响、制度文化对安全行为的影响最大的结论。其次,运用同样的统计软件和结构方程模型分析软件就安全文化与安全绩效调查问卷的巴基斯坦数据进行了实证分析。通过探索性因子分析得出巴基斯坦工程项目安全文化包含管理层观念文化、作业层观念文化、制度文化和物质文化四个因子,安全绩效包含安全行为和安全结果两个因子。运用结构方程模型验证了六因子之间的关系,验证结果显示制度文化对安全结果影响最大；作业层观念文化对安全行为产生较大的直接影响；管理层观念文化对作业层观念文化影响很大,对安全结果的影响仅次于制度文化；物质文化对安全行为产生较小直接影响,对安全结果产生微弱的影响。再者,运用同样的统计软件和结构方程模型分析软件就安全文化与安全绩效调查问卷的非洲三国的数据进行了实证分析。在此基础上,将中巴非工程项目的安全文化对安全绩效的影响进行了对比研究。探索性因子分析得出非洲工程项目安全文化包含观念文化、制度文化和物质文化三个因子,安全绩效包含安全遵守、安全参与和安全结果三个因子。运用结构方程模型验证了六因子之间的关系,验证结果显示制度文化对安全结果影响最大；物质文化对安全遵守的影响较小,且对安全参与不产生直接影响；观念文化对安全结果的影响仅次于制度文化。本文分别构建了中国、巴基斯坦以及非洲的安全文化-安全绩效影响关系模型,并进行了案例分析和比较研究,得出了一些有意义的研究结论。
[Abstract]:The construction industry of engineering projects has the characteristics of construction flow, complex environment, labor intensive, cumbersome technology, etc., its safety accident rate has been high. Become a typical high-risk industry. Safety culture as a way to correct unsafe behavior and improve the overall reliability of high-risk industries, has a long-lasting, stable, comprehensive characteristics. Therefore, it has become the focus of academic research and practice of the implementation of safety management. There are few studies on the mechanism between safety culture and safety performance of construction enterprises in different countries. This study focuses on safety culture and safety performance from the perspective of internationalization. On the basis of constructing a general model of the relationship between safety culture and safety performance of construction enterprises, this paper applies the structural equation model to discuss China. Pakistan and three African countries (Angola, Kenya and Uganda) have made a comparative study on the connotation of safety culture and the impact of safety culture on safety performance. Suggestions are put forward to further improve the safety management level of Chinese construction enterprises and enhance the competitiveness of overseas markets. First of all, the safety culture and safety performance measurement scale of Chinese data were empirically analyzed. Using SPSS statistical software for exploratory factor analysis, the safety culture of Chinese engineering projects contains situational culture. Concept culture, institutional culture and material culture are four factors, and security performance includes two factors: safety behavior and security result. The relationship between the six factors is verified by structural equation model analysis software AMOS. The conclusion is that situational culture has negative influence on safety behavior and institutional culture has the greatest influence on safety behavior. Second. Using the same statistical software and structural equation model analysis software, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the Pakistan data from the Safety Culture and Safety performance questionnaire. Through exploratory factor analysis, the author draws the conclusion that the safety of the engineering projects in Pakistan is safe. Culture includes management concept culture. There are four factors of activity level concept culture, system culture and material culture, and safety performance includes two factors: safety behavior and safety result. The relationship between the six factors is verified by using the structural equation model. The results show that the institutional culture has the greatest influence on the security results. The concept culture of working-level has great direct influence on safety behavior. The culture of management concept has a great influence on the culture of concept of operation layer, and the influence on safety result is second only to the culture of system. Material culture has a small direct impact on safety behavior and a weak impact on safety results. Furthermore, the same statistical software and structural equation model analysis software were used to analyze the data of the three African countries in the Safety Culture and Safety performance questionnaire. This paper makes a comparative study on the effect of safety culture of non-engineering projects in China and Pakistan on safety performance. Exploratory factor analysis shows that the safety culture of African engineering projects includes three factors: conceptual culture, institutional culture and material culture. Security performance includes three factors: safety compliance, security participation and security outcome. The relationship between the six factors is verified by using structural equation model, and the results show that institutional culture has the greatest influence on security results. Material culture has little influence on safety compliance and has no direct influence on safety participation; The influence of concept culture on the result of security is second only to that of institutional culture. In this paper, models of the relationship between security culture and security performance in China, Pakistan and Africa are constructed, and case studies and comparative studies are carried out, and some meaningful conclusions are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU714;F426.92

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