多维地震对结构动力响应分析

发布时间：2018-01-15 18:35

本文关键词：多维地震对结构动力响应分析　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人们对结构在单向水平地震波作用下的研究工作已然成熟,已经建立了一套相对完善的理论体系,并且通行了一套适用的抗震设计方法,这在国内外的抗震规范中都有所体现。近年来,通过不断的震害调查以及科学研究发现：发生强震时的地表运动并非单纯想象中的一维运动,而是复杂的多维运动。在现阶段,人们对结构地震反应分析的过程中,主要考虑地震动的三个正交平动分量(两个水平分量和一个竖向分量)。然而大量的地震灾害表明,地震波通过地面时的运动是极其复杂的,各点的波速、周期和相位各异,地表每一处不仅产生三个水平分量,同时也会产生三个转动分量(包括2个摇摆分量和1个扭转分量)。结构在单维地震和多维地震作用下的反应并不相同,特别是对复杂结构而言,它们的平面刚度、竖向刚度、质量分布不均,这种差别就显得更加突出。仅仅考虑地震波单向水平作用或者采用简化平面模型的抗震分析已经足以完全解释一些实际震害中发生情况了。所以,对结构进行抗震分析时,只考虑地震动水平分量的影响是十分片面的。然而,科研人员对结构在地震动三个水平分量作用下的响应研究已经发展地到火纯青的地步,却对转动分量的认知十分局限。由于强震观测水平有限,人们对于地震动转动分量的获取显得手足无措,研究进展相当缓慢。在我国的结构抗震设计规范中,通常为了简化,仅考虑水平地震波的作用,而忽略摇摆地震波对结构动力响应的影响。这种结构抗震设计方法之所以通行主要是因为如下两方面的原因。一是因为现阶段的地震动数据普遍缺少对地震转动分量的监测和记录,二是因为缺乏地震动水平和摇摆分量共同作用下结构响应分析的手段和方法。因此,地震动摇摆分量对结构产生的效应在我国并没有引起足够的重视。本文根据Erol Kalkan和Vladimir Graizer等在2007年提出的根据已记录的水平和垂直地震波确定摇摆地震波的方法,为结构在水平分量和摇摆分量耦合地震波作用下框架结构体系响应分析提供了进一步研究的理论基础。考察分析地震动摇摆分量的特征,总结地震动摇摆分量对结构抗震性能的影响,为框架结构体系的抗震设计提供参考性的建议。本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了框架结构模型。并输入两种不同的地震波下,包括单向水平地震波作用和单向水平及摇摆耦合地震波作用,分析结构整体和构件的动力响应,考察结构顶点位移、层间位移、层间转角位移、柱转角位移、柱的轴力剪力弯矩、滞回环、重力二阶效应的非线性问题等。本文完成的研究工作如下： 1、以1994年美国Northridge地震中,Pacoima水坝左上桥墩测点获得的未修正原始数据为蓝本,对地震动某一水平分量加速度时程进行傅立叶变换,得到地震摇摆分量加速度曲线。 2、使用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立框架结构模型,然后分别导入单向水平地震波和单向水平及摇摆耦合地震波以获得单维地震和多维地震的结构响应。 3、对框架结构进行时程反应分析,考察结构顶点位移、层间位移、层间转角位移、柱转角位移、柱的轴力剪力弯矩、滞回环、重力二阶效应的非线性问题等。 4、通过以上的对比分析,本文将为钢筋混凝土框架结构在住宅建筑、公共建筑方面的合理应用,结构抗震设计和机制优化等方面提供有意义的建议和参考。
[Abstract]:The research work of the structure in the horizontal seismic waves under the action of one-way is already mature, has established a relatively complete theoretical system, and pass a seismic design method, the seismic codes at home and abroad are reflected. In recent years, by means of field investigation and scientific research has found that one-dimensional the movement of surface movement is not a strong earthquake of pure imagination, multi-dimensional movement but complicated. At present, people on the structural seismic response analysis, three orthogonal translational components mainly considering seismic (two horizontal component and a vertical component). However, the earthquake disaster show that the movement of earthquake wave through the ground is extremely complex, the velocity of each point, different period and phase, every surface not only have three horizontal components, will also have three rotational components (including 2 The swing component and 1 component). Torsional response of the structure under single dimensional and multi-dimensional earthquake earthquake is not the same, especially for the complex structure, the plane stiffness, vertical stiffness, quality uneven distribution, the difference becomes more prominent. Only considering the seismic analysis of seismic wave to the single level or using the simplified plane model has been sufficient to fully explain the situation in some actual damage. Therefore, the seismic analysis of the structure and effect of only considering the horizontal component of ground motion is very one-sided. However, the researchers of the structural dynamic response of three horizontal components under the action of earthquake has been developed to fire pure green where is the rotational component of cognition are very limited. Due to the strong motion observation level is limited, people for the earthquake rotational component gets bewildered and research progress in our country is very slow. The structure in the seismic design code, usually in order to simplify, only considering the level of seismic waves, and ignore the effect of rolling seismic wave on the dynamic response of the structure. The seismic structural design methods are popular mainly because of two reasons as follows. One is the general lack of rotation because the data monitoring and recording component of earthquake at this stage. Two because of the lack of vibration, vibration level and swing means and method for response analysis of the interaction of components. Therefore, seismic shaking effects on structural components produced in China and has not aroused enough attention.
According to the Erol Kalkan and Vladimir Graizer in 2007, according to the recorded horizontal and vertical seismic waves to determine the swing method of seismic wave, and provides a theoretical basis for further research of the structural response in the framework of structural system of horizontal and rocking coupling seismic wave analysis. Investigation and analysis of seismic rocking characteristics. The vibration effect of rolling components on the structural seismic performance summary, provides a reference for the seismic design of the frame structure.
This paper uses finite element analysis software ANSYS to establish a frame structure model. And input two different earthquake waves, including the effect of unidirectional horizontal seismic wave and seismic wave and unidirectional horizontal rocking coupling, dynamic analysis of the whole structure and the components of the response, examine the structure of vertex displacement, inter layer displacement, inter layer displacement angle, corner column the displacement, axial force shear force bending moment, column hysteresis loop, two order nonlinear effect of gravity.
The research work completed in this paper is as follows:
1, based on the uncorrected data obtained from the left upper piers of the Pacoima dam during the 1994 Northridge earthquake in the United States, the Fu Liye transformation of acceleration time history for a horizontal component of ground motion is carried out to get the acceleration curve of the rocking component.
2, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish the frame structure model. Then the unidirectional horizontal seismic waves and one-way horizontal and rocking coupled seismic waves are imported to get the structural responses of unidimensional and multi-dimensional earthquakes.
3, the time history response analysis of frame structure is carried out to investigate the nonlinear problems of structural vertex displacement, interstory displacement, interlayer angular displacement, column rotation displacement, axial force, shear moment, hysteresis loop and gravity two order effect.
4, through the above comparative analysis, this article will provide meaningful suggestions and references for the rational application of reinforced concrete frame structure in residential buildings, public buildings, structural anti-seismic design and mechanism optimization.

【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU311.3

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