基于复杂网络理论的基础设施系统脆弱性分析

发布时间：2018-02-12 00:30

  本文关键词： 基础设施系统 复杂网络 网络模型 脆弱性分析 接口设计策略 关键组件 基础设施保护　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基础设施是一类为社会生产和居民生活提供服务的物质工程设施，它们是社会赖以生存和发展的一般性物质条件，也是典型的复杂系统。当今社会越来越依赖于基础设施系统提供的各种服务以维持其正常运行。然而近年来以北美大停电、08年中国南方雪灾为代表的各类灾害频繁爆发，给基础设施系统的安全敲响了警钟。鉴于基础设施系统对社会生产和人民生活的重要性，研究基础设施系统在不同扰动下的响应情形，分析、理解、识别基础设施系统的脆弱性，进而提出相应的抗干扰措施和改进策略，提高基础设施系统的可靠性，成为了当前研究的一个热点课题。 围绕基础设施系统的脆弱性研究及其应用，国内外众多研究机构和学者分别采用投入产出模型、系统动力学模型、Agent仿真模型，探讨了灾害对基础设施系统中的经济体、功能器件、业务流程等的影响并取得了若干初步成果，但是就总体而言，基础设施系统脆弱性的研究尚处于起步阶段，特别地，对于关联基础设施系统脆弱性研究目前仍然是一个较新的研究领域。 复杂网络作为大量真实复杂系统的高度抽象，其理论与应用研究已渗透到数理、生命和工程学科等众多不同的领域。利用复杂网络的理论和方法能够很好的描述基础设施系统的内部结构和彼此间的关联关系，，为基础设施系统脆弱性的研究提供一个全新的视角和研究方法，有助于从整体上把握系统的复杂性和系统响应的动力学特性。基于此，本文运用复杂网络的理论和方法，从单一基础设施系统入手，以关联基础设施系统为研究重点分析基础设施系统的脆弱性。主要研究内容如下： 首先，利用复杂网络的理论和方法对基础设施系统进行了拓扑描述和功能刻画，介绍并总结了描述基础设施系统的聚类系数、度相关性、介数等参量，以便更深刻的理解基础设施系统结构与功能特性，给出了基础设施系统的脆弱性分析理论框架。 针对以往单一基础设施系统网络脆弱性研究中对边的级联故障和社团脆弱性很少提及这一情形，本文在一般脆弱性分析的基础上，建立了节点和边的级联故障模型，分析了基础设施系统网络在节点故障和边故障下的脆弱性。同时利用模块度优化算法给出了社团结构划分方法，并结合基础设施系统网络的结构特性和功能特点分别提出了结构和功能脆弱性指标，用以寻找网络最脆弱和鲁棒的社团。 对于关联基础设施系统，本文分别从关联类型、运行状态、基础设施特性、故障类型、耦合和响应行为、基础设施环境等不同方面分析了其关联性，结合基础设施系统脆弱性分析框架，对关联基础设施系统进行了脆弱性分析。在研究中对每一个具体系统进行了拓扑结构抽象，结合其运行机制建立了功能模型，考虑了不同系统间的关联关系，并给出了关联基础设施系统接口设计策略。利用网络效率、雪崩规模等性能指标分析了系统在不同接口、不同扰动策略下的脆弱性，得出了关联基础设施系统的故障容忍性和最优的接口设计标准。 脆弱性分析的目的是为了更好的保护基础设施系统。在单一和关联基础设施系统脆弱性分析基础上，探讨了基础设施系统的关键组件辨识方法，以便对这些关键组件进行重点保护。通过纳入缓冲、增加冗余、故障修复等手段讨论了基础设施系统的改进策略，为控制基础设施系统的级联故障、增强系统的抗干扰能力提供决策支持。
[Abstract]:Infrastructure is a kind of material engineering services for social production and living, they are general material conditions for the survival and development of the society, is a typical complex system. Nowadays more and more rely on the service infrastructure system to maintain its normal operation. However, in recent years the North American blackout 08 years, China snow in the South as the representative of all kinds of disasters broke out frequently, to the system infrastructure security sounded the alarm. In view of the importance of infrastructure system of social production and people's life, the research infrastructure department to respond to the situation in the system under different disturbance analysis, understanding, vulnerability identification infrastructure system, and then put forward the corresponding anti-jamming measures and improvement strategy, improve the reliability of the system infrastructure, has become a hot topic of current research.
The infrastructure system vulnerability research and application, many domestic and foreign research institutions and scholars using input-output model, system dynamics model, Agent model, discussed the disaster on economy, infrastructure in the system of functional devices, influence business process and achieved some preliminary results, but on the whole. Study on the vulnerability of the infrastructure system is still in its infancy, in particular, for the associated infrastructure system vulnerability research is still a relatively new field of study.
Abstract a large number of real complex network as a highly complex system, its theory and application has penetrated into the mathematical and engineering disciplines, the field of life and so on. Using the theory and method of complex network can describe the internal structure of the infrastructure system is good and the relationship between each other, provide a new vulnerability research the perspective and research methods for the infrastructure system, helps to grasp the dynamic response characteristics of the system complexity and system on the whole. Based on this, this paper applies the theory and method of complex network, starting from a single infrastructure system, the associated infrastructure system for vulnerability analysis of infrastructure system focuses on the main research. The contents are as follows:
First of all, the infrastructure of the system of the topological description and function characterized by complex network theory and methods, the correlation describes and summarizes and describes the clustering coefficient, the infrastructure system degree, betweenness and other parameters, so that a deeper understanding of the infrastructure of system structure and function characteristics, vulnerability gives the infrastructure system analysis theory frame.
In the past a single infrastructure network system vulnerability of edge cascading failures and community vulnerability rarely mentioned in this situation, in this paper based on the analysis of general vulnerability, a cascading failure model of nodes and edges, analyzes the vulnerability of the network infrastructure system in the node and edge fault fault. At the same time, the use of modularity optimization algorithm community structure partition method, combining the structure characteristics and function characteristics of the network infrastructure system were put forward. The structure and function of the vulnerability index, to find the most fragile and robust network community.
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