微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺特性及应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 21:49

  本文关键词： 微膨胀 上向流 生物活性炭 生物膜 模型　出处：《清华大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文系统研究了微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺对有机物的去除特性和机理、微生物活性及影响因素、微生物学特征、生物降解动力学模型和工程应用效果，主要研究成果如下： 1.研究了活性炭粒径对上向流生物活性炭工艺的影响，提出了微膨胀的概念。研究发现活性炭粒径、水温和运行时间是影响上向流生物活性炭膨胀率的主要因素，并构建了生物活性炭的膨胀率模型。在活性炭运行初期，吸附作用是有机物去除的主要因素，对有机物的去除效果受到传质控制。在生物降解阶段，有机物的去除效果只受到生物降解速率的影响。根据活性炭粒径对上向流生物活性炭去除有机物的效果和膨胀率的影响，结合工程设计对滤速、占地和池高等方面的约束，提出了在流速10～14m/h范围内维持膨胀率在10%～30%的微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺。 2.研究了微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺运行效果的影响因素。根据济南黄河水源水质，预臭氧建议分三段投加，每段投加比例为3:1:1，，投加总量为2mg/L。活性炭层的膨胀使滤速的变化对接触时间的影响减小，在滤速为7.6m/h～13.4m/h范围内对有机物（耗氧量、DOC、UV254）去除率影响较小，符合稳态膜理论。水温在13～34℃之间时其变化对生物活性炭去除有机物的效率影响不显著。 3.研究了微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺与下向流生物活性炭工艺对有机物去除效果。结果表明，当两个工艺进入生物降解阶段后，微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺对耗氧量、DOC、UV254的平均去除率比下向流生物活性炭工艺分别高12%、7%和6%。原因在于微膨胀上向流生物活性炭上的生物量更多，沿程分布更均匀。其出水和炭床主要微生物种类为变形菌门。 4.确定了微膨胀上向流生物活性炭工艺的设计和运行参数。综合考虑该工艺的优缺点，建议采用微膨胀上向流生物活性炭池前置，砂滤池后置的模式，保证出厂水的浊度和微生物数量达到饮用水水质标准要求。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the removal characteristics and mechanism of organic matter, microorganism activity and influencing factors, microbiological characteristics, biodegradation kinetics model and engineering application effect of micro-expansion upflow biological activated carbon process were systematically studied. The main research results are as follows. 1. The effect of the particle size of activated carbon on the process of upflow biological activated carbon was studied, and the concept of micro-expansion was put forward. It was found that the particle size, water temperature and running time of activated carbon were the main factors affecting the expansion rate of upward flow biological activated carbon. The expansion rate model of biological activated carbon was constructed. In the initial stage of activated carbon, adsorption was the main factor of organic removal, and the removal effect of organic matter was controlled by mass transfer. The removal efficiency of organic matter is only affected by the biodegradation rate. According to the effect of the particle size of activated carbon on the removal efficiency and expansion rate of organic matter in the upflow biological activated carbon, combined with the restriction of engineering design on filtration rate, occupation area and pool height, etc. A micro-expansion upflow biological activated carbon (BAC) process with a swelling rate of 10 ~ 30% at a flow rate of 10 ~ 14 m / h was proposed. 2. The factors influencing the operation effect of micro-expansion upward flow biological activated carbon process are studied. According to the water quality of Jinan Yellow River, pre-ozone is proposed to be added in three stages. The ratio of each section is 3: 1: 1, and the total amount of addition is 2 mg / L. The expansion of activated carbon layer reduces the influence of the change of filtration rate on contact time, and the removal rate of organic matter (DOCU UV254) in the range of 7.6 m / h is 13.4 m / h. In accordance with the steady-state membrane theory, the change of water temperature at 1334 鈩

本文编号：1513956