贵州黔东南地区苗族村寨空间形态研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 20:36

本文选题：黔东南地区　切入点：苗族村寨　出处：《中央美术学院》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：苗族村寨在我国的少数民居村寨聚落中是比较有地域特色,建筑依山就势,村寨与环境相互融合。随近年农村发展加快,苗族村寨面临更多的发展机会。苗族人民的生活方式逐渐在改变。为了找到生活方式改变后对苗族村寨空间形态产生的影响,及对村寨未来的发展模式和方向。通过文献资料研究、比较研究和图解等方法,对贵州黔东南地区三个典型的苗族村寨(郎德上寨、南猛苗寨、报德苗寨)进行实地调查。分析了村寨所处的自然环境,村寨的历史发展过程,村寨的空间形态特征和人文环境特征,村寨中建筑材料的使用范围。研究结果显示：苗族村寨受平地少的自然环境制约,因此村寨选址在山脚、山腰和山顶型三种普遍的类型；有限的场地导致活动空间缺乏；为解决地形高差,建筑采用半干栏式形成苗族的特点；为解决村寨内部交通,采用鱼骨型和树枝型道路系统；苗族生活方式的改变,直接影响了村寨空间形态的改变。针对研究结果提出在新材料和新技术运用的条件下,要保持苗族村寨空间形态在更新和改造过程中不丢失其传统特色,关键是要了解和尊重苗族的文化及生活方式。提出保持村寨可持续发展的三点建议：尊重环境及地域特色、保持村寨空间格局、有序的产业置换。通过本课题的研究,可以对黔东南苗族村寨空间形态有一个初步的认识,为苗族村寨的发展提供了一种可能性。
[Abstract]:The Miao village has more regional characteristics in the settlement of a few residential villages in our country. The building is based on the mountain, and the village and the environment merge together. With the rapid development of the rural areas in recent years, The Miao village is facing more opportunities for development. The way of life of the Miao people is gradually changing. In order to find out the influence on the spatial form of the Miao village after the change of life style, and the future development mode and direction of the village. By means of literature research, comparative study and graphic analysis, the field investigation was carried out on three typical Miao villages (Shangzhai in Lang de, Mengmiao village in Nanmen, Miao village in Xide Miao village) in the southeast of Guizhou province, and the natural environment of the village was analyzed. The historical development process of the village, the space form characteristic and the humanity environment characteristic of the village, the use scope of the building material in the village. The research results show that the Miao village is restricted by the natural environment with less flat land, so the village location is at the foot of the mountain. There are three general types of hillside and hilltop type: the limited site leads to the lack of active space; in order to solve the difference in topographic height, the building adopts semi-dry hurdle to form the characteristics of Miao nationality, and in order to solve the internal traffic in the village, it adopts fishbone type and tree type road system; The change of the Miao people's lifestyle directly affects the change of the village spatial form. In view of the research results, it is proposed that the Miao village spatial form should not lose its traditional characteristics in the process of renewal and transformation under the condition of the application of new materials and new technologies. The key is to understand and respect the culture and life style of the Miao nationality, and three suggestions are put forward to maintain the sustainable development of the village: respecting the environment and regional characteristics, maintaining the spatial pattern of the village, and replacing the industry in an orderly manner. Through the research of this subject, we can have a preliminary understanding of the spatial form of the Miao nationality village in the southeast of Guizhou, and provide a possibility for the development of the Miao nationality village.
【学位授予单位】：中央美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU982.29

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