明清广府地区砖作研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 13:02

本文选题：砖作　切入点：明清　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：砖为最早的人工建筑材料之一。早在新石器时代，我国以熟练的制陶技术为烧制砖创造条件。而随后的西周，已经有铺地砖的运用。砖的出现，有效的提高了建筑的使用寿命，对我国建筑发展有着重大的影响。广府地区砖作自战国时期从岭北入粤以来，凭借特殊的地理位置和南北文化技术的交流，逐渐形成了具有地方特色的技术系统，并延续了二千多年的历史，具有深刻的合理性，是珍贵的科学技术和历史文化遗产，对研究古建筑体系的演变亦大有裨益。随着民国时期水泥建筑的兴起和现代经济的快速发展，传统砖作渐趋没落，，记录与研究工作刻不容缓。本文主要工作包括文献阅读、实地调研、传统工匠访谈和测绘图搜集，通过列表、绘图、对比等方法，对调研记录及测绘图纸等进行分析研究，在掌握了大量的实测数据、实地调研资料以及施工经验的前提下，尝试探讨广府砖作的发展历史和规律，并对材料生产、营造类型及形式、营造工艺及工序等进行分析与研究。本文的第二章主要通过对砖作考古资料的分析与现存实物的分类总结，探讨了岭南砖作发展概况。第三章重点为广府地区砖料及胶结材料的概况、制砖工艺、以及胶结材料生产、制作工艺的研究。第四章对广府地区砖作的工匠、工具的探讨，以及墙体、地面、拱券、檐口等的砖结构建筑部位的营造工艺的研究。第五章为岭南砖雕概况的分析总结，以及广府砖雕工具、用料、雕刻手法、制作工序及题材的研究。广府地区砖作起步晚于中原，发展至明清时具有地方特色的工艺和作法，逐渐成为具有地域文化特性的营造技术。本文是首次针对广府地区砖作进行专门的分析研究，对岭南区域性民间建筑的传统营造技术研究体系的完善，及历史砖构建筑的保护和修缮都有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Brick is one of the earliest artificial building materials. As early as the Neolithic Age, China used skilled pottery technology to create conditions for firing bricks. Then, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was the use of floor tiles. The appearance of bricks effectively improved the service life of buildings. It has a great influence on the development of Chinese architecture. Since the period of the warring States period, the brick works in Guangfu area have gradually formed a technical system with local characteristics by virtue of its special geographical position and the exchange of cultural technology between the north and the south, and it has continued for more than 2,000 years. It has profound rationality, is precious science and technology and historical and cultural heritage, and is of great benefit to the study of the evolution of ancient architectural system. With the rise of cement buildings and the rapid development of modern economy in the period of the Republic of China, the traditional brick work has gradually declined. Record and research work is urgent. The main work of this paper includes literature reading, field investigation, interview with traditional craftsmen and collection of surveying and mapping drawings. Through the methods of list, drawing and comparison, the research records and surveying drawings are analyzed and studied, and a large number of measured data are grasped. On the premise of field investigation and construction experience, this paper tries to discuss the history and law of Guangfu brick work, and analyzes and studies material production, construction type and form, construction technology and working procedure, etc. The second chapter discusses the development of Lingnan brick through the analysis of the archaeological data and the classification and summary of the existing objects. The third chapter focuses on the general situation of brick materials and cementing materials in Guangfu area, and the brick making technology. Chapter 4th discusses the craftsmen, tools, walls, floors and arch coupons of bricks made in Guangfu, The 5th chapter is the analysis and summary of the general situation of Lingnan brick carving, as well as the research of Guangfu brick carving tools, materials, carving techniques, production process and subject matter. The brickwork in Guangfu area started later than that in the Central Plains and developed to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and gradually became the construction technology with regional cultural characteristics. This paper is the first time to make a special analysis and study on the brick work in Guangfu area. It is of great significance for the improvement of the traditional construction technology system of the regional folk architecture in Lingnan and the protection and repair of the historic brick architecture.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU522.1

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