油液混合动力挖掘机压差补偿能量回收及动力控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 11:16

本文选题：油液混合动力　切入点：挖掘机　出处：《浙江大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压挖掘机作为国家建设发展中的重要工程机械,其节能减排具有重要的经济意义和环保意义。常规的元件技术革新,液压系统改进在挖掘机上已经趋于成熟,而混合动力技术的深入研究为挖掘机上的节能减排提供了新的突破口。目前,汽车上的油电混合动力应用研究较为广泛,并且有了较为成熟的产品；挖掘机上的油电混合动力呈现蓬勃发展的研究热潮。而油液混合动力技术的研究在挖掘机这一重要工程机械上还较为稀缺,研究院所和高校都还未有大量的研究文献出现,而在公司层面也只有几家国际大型公司对此项技术进行了研究和试制,并且多数实施保密措施。总体而言,挖掘机上油液混合动力技术还处于起步阶段,研究成果较少。本文以液压挖掘机上油液混合动力技术的应用为核心,结合液压挖掘机工作过程中特有的能量回收过程,在油液混合动力复合模式,模型建立,参数匹配,整机控制方法上进行了相应的研究,并建立相应的实验平台进行验证。以期为进一步的深入研究和产品化做出一定的贡献。本文的主要研究内容具体包含以下几方面： 1.在普通液压挖掘机的结构、工况基础上,比较了串联式、并联式、混联式等油液混合动力方案的优劣,选取了适宜挖掘机的并联式方案作为本文的油液混合动力的研究结构。通过对该复合模式的结构设计,利用低成本的回转马达代替高成本的二次元件来实现油液混合动力的功能。 2.设计了完全自动化的挖掘机势能和动能能量回收系统方案,并结合油液混合动力提出了压差补偿能量回收系统的原理和控制方法,克服了以往能量回收过程中较多的限制条件,提高了能量回收的能量利用率,减少了能量回收过程中的能量损失。 3.提出了针对油液混合动力系统的参数匹配方法。以蓄能器为核心,克服并联式油液混合动力复合模式中能量密度较低的缺陷,满足挖掘机正常工作的动力需求。 4.通过分析比较油电混合动力挖掘机上现有的控制策略,选用了适合于并联式油液混合动力系统的双转速工作点控制策略。在此基础上,提出变参数PID控制、负载预测以及发动机怠速切换相结合的方法来稳定单个工作点上的转速平稳,并通过遗传算法进一步提高整机的节能效果,获得了20%左右的燃油节省。 5.设计和搭建了多功能的油液混合动力实验平台,对上述的控制方法进行了验证和分析,同时为今后的油液混合动力节能研究提供了评判标准。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator as an important construction machinery in the development of national construction, its energy saving and emission reduction has important economic and environmental significance. The further study of hybrid power technology provides a new breakthrough for energy saving and emission reduction in excavators. The research of oil-electric hybrid power on excavator is booming, but the research of oil-liquid hybrid power technology is still scarce in this important construction machinery, research institutes and universities have not yet appeared a large number of research documents. At the corporate level, only a few large international companies have conducted research and trial production of the technology, and most of them have implemented secrecy measures. Overall, oil hybrid power technology on excavators is still in its infancy. In this paper, the application of hydraulic excavator hydraulic hybrid power technology is the core, combined with the specific process of energy recovery in the hydraulic excavator working process, in the oil hybrid power compound mode, model establishment, parameter matching, The corresponding research on the control method of the whole machine is carried out, and the corresponding experimental platform is established to verify it in order to make some contribution to the further research and production. The main contents of this paper include the following aspects:. 1. On the basis of the structure and working condition of the common hydraulic excavator, the advantages and disadvantages of the hydraulic hybrid power schemes, such as series type, parallel type and hybrid type, are compared. The parallel scheme suitable for excavator is selected as the research structure of oil hybrid power in this paper. The low-cost rotary motor is used to replace the high-cost secondary component to realize the function of oil hybrid power. 2. A fully automatic excavator potential and kinetic energy recovery system is designed, and the principle and control method of the pressure difference compensation energy recovery system are put forward in combination with the oil-liquid hybrid power system. It overcomes many limitation conditions in the process of energy recovery, improves the energy utilization rate of energy recovery, and reduces the energy loss in the process of energy recovery. 3. The parameter matching method for oil hybrid power system is put forward. Taking accumulator as the core, the defect of low energy density in the hybrid model of parallel oil hybrid power is overcome, and the power demand of excavator is satisfied. 4. By analyzing and comparing the existing control strategies on the oil-electric hybrid excavator, the two-speed working point control strategy suitable for the parallel oil-liquid hybrid power system is selected. On the basis of this, the variable parameter PID control is proposed. The load prediction and idling speed switching are combined to stabilize the stability of the rotational speed at a single working point, and the energy saving effect of the whole machine is further improved by genetic algorithm, and the fuel saving of about 20% is obtained. 5. Design and build a multi-functional oil hybrid power experimental platform, verify and analyze the control methods mentioned above, and provide the evaluation standard for the future research of oil mixing power energy saving.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621

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