电梯安全风险评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 17:26

本文选题：电梯　切入点：风险　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电梯作为垂直运输工具已成为现代物质文明的标志之一,涉及电子技术、微机技术、土建工程、电力电子技术、机械工程、电力拖动系统等多个科学领域,是综合机电一体化应用的复杂运输设备。随着现代化城市的发展,电梯已经成为城市居民日常工作、生活中几乎随时都能接触到的设备,关系到人民群众的生命和财产安全。目前,电梯安全问题已成为我国制度的一部分,相关部门逐渐加大力度建立健全我国电梯安全制度,因此,完善电梯安全风险评价体系研究是十分紧迫和重要的。目前,我国电梯从安装到使用,仅涉及电梯的安装验收和定期检验层面,关于电梯的安全风险评价方面涉及较少,因此,本文通过对电梯安全风险做出相关情况介绍和评价研究,以通过预警分析为目的,建立一套日常维护、检验电梯的基本理论体系。本文首先对电梯的基本知识做出相关介绍,指出电梯可能存在的安全风险,然后,编辑实际检验的电梯资料、各部件及相关设备做出检验项目表；其次,对电梯安全风险评价进行模糊评价法和事故树评价法,将各项评价项目和依据标准依次列出,从而更加清晰、快捷地应用到实际的检验工作当中,尤其是电梯安全风险评价模糊法的应用,不仅建立了伤害等级的数据库、也建立了改进意见和措施的数据库,同时指出各项依据的相关标准,规范了电梯安全风险评价的程序和检验规程。电梯安全风险评价也是我国电梯年检的必然趋势,为今后电梯的设计制造、运行、检验等提供决策依据,建立了科学的、可预测的管理体系,使其变得更加安全、合理、有效益,同时极大地提高了评价的工作效率,提供了一种能预测、预防电梯故障方法,实现电梯在安全性能和经济投入的有效锲入点。本文对电梯安全风险评价的研究不仅仅停留在理论探讨阶段,而且借鉴了国内一些制造企业、维保单位和检验单位的实践经验,制定了更加科学合理的电梯安全风险评价规程,具有较强的可操作性。电梯安全风险评价是理论与实践的有效结合,它不仅能降低电梯维护人员的工作强度,同时极大地减少了电梯安全事故的发生,保护了人民群众生命安全和避免财产损失。通过长期的实践证明和数据分析,切实证实了该课题的可行性和有效性,该评价为电梯的设计、制造、安装、维保、运行提供了决策依据,建立了科学的、可预测的安全管理体系,同时尽快形成一套风险预警机制,因此电梯安全风险评价也必将成为未来我国电梯检验的必然趋势。同时课题的研究也为今后的电梯制造和发展提供了有效的参考,研究内容具有较大的理论及实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:As a vertical transportation tool, elevator has become one of the symbols of modern material civilization, involving many scientific fields, such as electronic technology, microcomputer technology, civil engineering, power electronics technology, mechanical engineering, electric drive system, etc. With the development of modern cities, elevators have become the daily work of urban residents and can be reached at almost any time in their daily life. At present, elevator safety has become a part of the system of our country. The relevant departments have gradually stepped up efforts to establish and improve the elevator safety system of our country. It is very urgent and important to perfect the research of elevator safety risk evaluation system. At present, the elevator in our country from installation to use, only involves the elevator installation acceptance and periodic inspection level, regarding the elevator safety risk evaluation aspect involves less, therefore, Through the introduction and evaluation of elevator safety risk, this paper establishes a set of basic theory system of daily maintenance and test elevator through early warning analysis. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic knowledge of elevator. The paper points out the possible safety risk of elevator, and then edits the actual inspection information of elevator, the inspection items list of each component and related equipment, secondly, carries on the fuzzy evaluation method and the accident tree evaluation method to the elevator safety risk evaluation, The evaluation items and criteria are listed in turn, so that they can be applied to the actual inspection work more clearly and quickly, especially the application of fuzzy method of elevator safety risk evaluation. Not only has the database of injury grade been established, The database of improving opinions and measures is also established, and the relevant standards are pointed out, and the procedures and inspection rules of elevator safety risk assessment are standardized. The elevator safety risk assessment is also an inevitable trend of elevator annual inspection in China. In order to provide the decision basis for the design, manufacture, operation and inspection of the elevator in the future, a scientific and predictable management system is established to make it safer, more reasonable and more effective, and at the same time, the work efficiency of evaluation is greatly improved. A method to predict and prevent elevator faults is provided to realize the effective entry point of elevator safety performance and economic input. The study of elevator safety risk evaluation in this paper not only stays in the theoretical stage, but also draws lessons from the practical experience of some domestic manufacturing enterprises, maintenance and maintenance units and inspection units. A more scientific and reasonable regulation of elevator safety risk assessment is formulated, which has strong operability. Elevator safety risk evaluation is an effective combination of theory and practice, which can not only reduce the working intensity of elevator maintenance personnel, At the same time, it has greatly reduced the occurrence of elevator safety accidents, protected the lives of the people and avoided the loss of property. Through long-term practice and data analysis, the feasibility and effectiveness of the project have been confirmed. The evaluation provides a decision basis for the design, manufacture, installation, maintenance and operation of elevators, establishes a scientific and predictable safety management system, and forms a set of risk warning mechanism as soon as possible. Therefore, elevator safety risk assessment will become an inevitable trend of elevator inspection in China in the future. At the same time, the research of the subject also provides an effective reference for the future elevator manufacture and development, and the research content has great theoretical and practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU857

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