城市休闲街区的室外微气候环境分析

发布时间：2018-03-19 10:22

本文选题：城市休闲街区　切入点：室外微气候　出处：《西南交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市经济的快速发展,人们生活水平的快速提高,人们对生活质量追求的提高,居住在城市中的人们在闲暇之余,希望能有舒适的休闲场所进行休闲,休闲街区自然而然地成为大家关注的热点,对休闲街区研究应运而生。本文以宽窄巷子为例,针对城市休闲街区室外微气候环境开展了以下研究。 1、为了解休闲街区室外微气候的基本情况,本文对宽窄巷子进行实地调研,在宽窄巷子中三个不同地方使用WBGT仪器进行测量,总结出了宽窄巷子一定时间范围内微气候的变化规律以及各个测点微气候的基本状况。同时对比了微观实测数据与宏观气象数据的差异,提出了在无法进行实地测量的情况下,进行计算机模拟时可以直接采用气象台的气温与相对湿度进行初始条件进行分析,而风速由于关联性不好再加上风本身的多变性,必须进一步进行处理才能进行模拟分析。 2、利用ECOTECT对宽窄巷子室外热环境进行详细的日照遮挡和太阳辐射模拟分析,并且对日照间距、建筑朝向和建筑布局进行了进一步分析,通过提供详细的分析数据和分析结果图,弥补了实测时没有同时进行三个测点测量的不足之处,并且对宽窄巷子整体热环境进行了横向对比,总结出了宽窄巷子热环境的优劣性。 3、针对城市风环境的独特性与复杂多变性,本文利用FLUENT软件,总结了城市中大气边界层气体流动的基本模拟体系。另外为了更加准确地模拟植物冠层对空气流动的阻碍作用,本人在多孔介质理论基础上,创新性的提出利用叶片面积来计算植物冠层在风环境模拟中的相关系数,并且与前人的风洞实验进行了对比效验,验证了模拟体系较为可靠。最后利用本文提出的建筑与植物风环境模拟体系,以宽窄巷子为例进行了风环境模拟分析,提供了室外风环境模拟分析的基本范例,以供参考研究。本论文为准确预测和客观评价城市休闲街区室外微气候环境奠定了基础,论文中提出了热环境模拟分析体系和风环境模拟分析体系,使得利用计算机模拟来指导和优化城市休闲街区室外微气候成为了可能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban economy, the rapid improvement of people's living standard, and the improvement of people's pursuit of quality of life, people living in cities hope to have comfortable leisure places for leisure after leisure. Leisure blocks naturally become the focus of attention, and the study of leisure blocks arises at the historic moment. This paper takes wide and narrow alleys as an example, and carries out the following research on the outdoor microclimate environment of urban leisure blocks. 1. In order to understand the basic situation of outdoor microclimate in the leisure district, this paper carries on the field investigation to the wide narrow alley, uses the WBGT instrument to measure in three different places in the wide narrow alley, The variation law of microclimate in a certain time range of wide narrow lane and the basic situation of microclimate at each measuring point are summarized. At the same time, the difference between microscopic measured data and macro meteorological data is compared, and it is put forward that it is impossible to carry out field measurement. In computer simulation, the initial conditions of temperature and relative humidity of meteorological station can be analyzed directly, but the wind speed is not well correlated with the variability of wind itself, so it must be processed further before the simulation analysis can be carried out. 2. ECOTECT is used to simulate the outdoor thermal environment of wide and narrow alleys, and the sunshine distance, building orientation and building layout are further analyzed by providing detailed analysis data and analysis result diagram. It makes up for the deficiency that three measuring points were not carried out at the same time, and compared the whole thermal environment of wide narrow alley horizontally, and summed up the merits and demerits of wide narrow alley thermal environment. 3. In view of the uniqueness and complex variability of urban wind environment, this paper summarizes the basic simulation system of gas flow in urban atmospheric boundary layer by using FLUENT software. In addition, in order to more accurately simulate the blocking effect of plant canopy on air flow, Based on the theory of porous media, the author creatively proposed to calculate the correlation coefficient of plant canopy in wind environment simulation by using leaf area, and compared it with previous wind tunnel experiments. The simulation system is proved to be more reliable. Finally, the wind environment simulation analysis of wide narrow alley is carried out using the building and plant wind environment simulation system proposed in this paper, and the basic example of outdoor wind environment simulation analysis is provided for reference research. This paper lays a foundation for accurate prediction and objective evaluation of outdoor microclimate environment in urban leisure districts. In this paper, thermal environment simulation analysis system and wind environment simulation analysis system are proposed. It is possible to use computer simulation to guide and optimize the outdoor microclimate of urban leisure blocks.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU119

【参考文献】