生物活性炭性能指标及其影响因素的研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 22:28

本文选题：生物活性炭　切入点：臭氧　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在南方湿热地区，臭氧-生物活性炭工艺对有机物的去除在使用后期主要以生物作用为主，而维持一定的活性炭吸附能力可以有效应对水源的突发污染。因此长时间使用的活性炭颗粒吸附能力及其对净水方面的贡献如何，有必要进行试验研究。本文依据南方某净水厂实际运行情况及不同水源地的中试试验，对生物活性炭净水相关性能进行分析，从水质、臭氧投加量与反冲洗方式等因素对生物活性炭性能的影响进行研究，并对活性炭长期使用的吸附容量，生物与吸附作用比例进行定量分析，结合生产运行，，考察活性炭长时间使用的可能性，结果表明：（1）生物活性炭滤池对有机物有较好的去除效果，初始时生物活性炭单元对CODMn的去除率在40%以上，后稳定在25%左右；对水中色度去除率稳定在60%以上，对臭味物质的去除率也在90%以上；对于单元进水为0.5mg/L的锰和0.6mg/L的铁，出水可满足生活饮用水卫生标准。（2）活性炭吸附性能指标的变化与水源水质存在一定的相关性，北江水源下活性炭的碘值和亚甲蓝值下降幅度较东江水源大，而以大中分子有机物为主的东江水源，其腐殖酸吸附值则呈现相对较明显的下降趋势；臭氧投加于活性炭滤池之前，有利于生物活性炭作用的形成，可降低炭滤池的吸附负荷，延长活性炭的吸附周期。活性炭吸附值指标与水质净化效果间并无明显相关性。（3）使用1年的活性炭对CODMn的吸附量为新炭的65%，之后吸附性能降低相对缓慢，使用8年对水中有机物仍有吸附作用，对CODMn的吸附量为新炭的21%。炭吸附作用在初始时下降速率较快，之后趋于平缓，形成动态吸附平衡。中试系统新炭吸附作用占总DOC去除量的92%，4个月后占68.3%，使用1年后占55.3%，水厂生产在使用1年后和8年后的活性炭中吸附作用分别占56.0%和26.3%。（4）水厂在对个别炭滤池更换炭后，水质改善效果并不明显。其对CODMn的去除率从18.4%提升至25.3%，出水菌落总数从118.5CFU/mL升高至149.5CFU/mL。只要出水水质满足饮用水水质标准和水厂内控指标，则活性炭仍然处于有效的工作状态。净水活性炭的使用寿命应该根据当地水质情况，以及所要达到的出水水质标准来定。
[Abstract]:In the humid and hot area of southern China, the removal of organic matter by ozonic-biological activated carbon (BAC) process was mainly biological at the later stage of use. However, maintaining a certain capacity of activated carbon adsorption can effectively cope with sudden pollution of water sources. So what is the adsorption capacity of activated carbon particles and its contribution to water purification for a long time? It is necessary to carry out experimental research. Based on the actual operation of a water purification plant in southern China and the pilot test of different water sources, the related performance of biological activated carbon (BAC) water purification is analyzed, and the water quality is analyzed. The effects of ozone dosage and backwashing method on the performance of biological activated carbon were studied. The adsorption capacity and the proportion of biological and adsorptive action of activated carbon were quantitatively analyzed, combined with the operation of production. The possibility of using activated carbon for a long time was investigated. The results showed that:. (1) the biological activated carbon filter has a good removal effect on organic matter, the removal rate of CODMn is above 40% at the beginning, then it is stable at 25%, and the removal rate of chroma in the water is above 60%. The removal rate of odorous substances was more than 90%, and the effluent of mn and 0.6mg/L containing 0.5mg/L and 0.6mg/L could meet the sanitary standard of drinking water. (2) there is a certain correlation between the change of adsorption performance of activated carbon and the water quality of water source. The iodine value and methylene blue value of activated carbon in the water source of Beijiang River are lower than those of Dongjiang water source, while the water source of Dongjiang River is dominated by large and medium molecular organic compounds. The adsorption value of humic acid showed a relatively obvious downward trend, ozone added to the activated carbon filter before the formation of the role of biological activated carbon, can reduce the adsorption load of carbon filter, The adsorption period of activated carbon was prolonged. There was no significant correlation between the adsorption value of activated carbon and the purification effect of water quality. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon for 1 year on CODMn was 65% of that of new carbon, and the adsorption ability of activated carbon was relatively slow. After 8 years of use, the adsorption of organic matter in water was still active, and the adsorption amount of CODMn was 21% of that of new carbon. The adsorption rate of carbon decreased rapidly at the beginning. The adsorption of new carbon in the pilot plant accounted for 92% of the total DOC removal amount, 68.3% after 4 months and 55.3% after one year. The adsorption rate of activated carbon in water plant production after one year and eight years was 56.0% and 26.3%, respectively. (4) after replacing carbon from individual carbon filters, the water plant has no obvious effect on the improvement of water quality. The removal rate of CODMn is increased from 18.4% to 25.3%, and the total number of bacteria in effluent increases from 118.5CFU/mL to 149.5 CFU / mL. As long as the effluent quality meets the drinking water quality standard and the internal control index of water plant, The service life of the activated carbon should be determined according to the local water quality and the effluent quality standard.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU991.2

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