超高层建筑加强防火要求研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 09:21

本文选题：超高层建筑　切入点：耐火等级　出处：《天津大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，超高层建筑在我国呈快速发展之势，建筑高度不断被刷新，高层商务区、住宅区等建筑群大量涌现，带来了许多高层建筑火灾防控与扑救的新问题。现行防火规范对超高层建筑的防火要求，除了火灾自动报警系统和自动灭火系统设置方面高于一般高层建筑外，，在其他方面还没有提出更为严格的要求。为此，本文对比分析了美国、英国、法国、日本、新加坡和香港等国家和地区的相关防火规范，分别针对耐火等级、防火间距、防火分区、安全疏散、消防设施和消防救援等提出了加强措施，为我国超高层建筑防火技术要求提供借鉴。现行规范对于防止火灾在建筑内部的蔓延已有一系列的措施，而对于火灾沿建筑外墙的竖向蔓延尚缺少相关规定。对于超高层建筑，由于受我国当前消防救援装备的救援高度一般在50m的限制，防止火灾沿外墙竖向蔓延的需要就更加迫切，以避免给人员和财产带来巨大的伤害和造成重大的社会影响。作为实体火灾模拟实验的主要参与者，本文通过实体火灾模拟试验和数值模拟的方法，对窗槛墙和防火挑檐阻挡火灾沿建筑外墙竖向蔓延的效果进行了研究，提出了窗槛墙和防火挑檐的防火设计要求，建议窗槛墙的高度不小于1.2m，防火挑檐的挑出宽度不小于1.0m等建议，建议可为现行防火规范提供新的内涵。
[Abstract]:In recent years, super high-rise buildings have been developing rapidly in our country. The building height has been constantly refreshed, and a large number of high-rise business districts and residential buildings have emerged. It has brought many new problems in fire prevention and control of high-rise buildings. The fire prevention requirements of the current fire prevention code for super high-rise buildings are higher than those of other high-rise buildings except for the setting of automatic fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing system. There are no more stringent requirements in other aspects. For this reason, this paper compares and analyzes the relevant fire protection standards of the United States, Britain, France, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong, respectively, aiming at the fire resistance grade and the distance between fire prevention. The fire prevention zone, safety evacuation, fire protection facilities and fire rescue are put forward, which can be used as reference for the fire prevention technology requirements of super high-rise buildings in our country. The current code has a series of measures to prevent the spread of fire in the building interior, but there is still no relevant regulation on the vertical spread of fire along the exterior wall of the building. Because the rescue height of the current fire fighting and rescue equipment in our country is generally 50 m, the need to prevent the fire from spreading vertically along the external wall is even more urgent. In order to avoid great harm to people and property and great social impact. As the main participants in the fire simulation experiment, this paper adopts the method of simulation experiment and numerical simulation. In this paper, the effect of preventing fire from spreading vertically along the exterior wall of building is studied, and the fire prevention design requirements of window sill wall and fire prevention eaves are put forward. It is suggested that the height of the window sill wall be not less than 1.2 m and the width of the fire prevention eaves not less than 1.0 m. It is suggested that the new connotation of the current fire prevention code can be provided.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU972.4

【参考文献】