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变容量双级压缩热泵级间匹配耦合特性

发布时间:2018-03-30 14:35

  本文选题:双级压缩 切入点:热泵 出处:《大连理工大学》2013年博士论文


【摘要】:中间喷射特征的双级压缩技术,可有效地改善蒸气压缩装置的低温适应性。然而,当此技术与空气源热泵结合时,为满足一系列低温工况,系统中两台压缩机容量配比及耦合关系将发生变化,在实际设备运行时常出现控制不稳定和压缩机烧毁等现象。为此,本文为完备双级压缩热泵技术,增强其实用性,针对变工况时双级压缩热泵系统中压缩机容量配比关系、压缩机耦合特性以及中间喷射特征参数对系统性能影响进行了研究。 首先,基于理论循环分析,综合制热性能、可控性和安全稳定性等因素,确定了R410A为本研究系统的循环工质;得出一级节流中间不完全冷却循环是双级压缩热泵系统最适宜推广的循环方式。依据此理论循环分析结果,搭建了可调节喷射特征参数的变容量双级压缩热泵实验台。其特征在于系统采用了变频压缩机和电子膨胀阀设备,且可实现多变工况时系统宏观性能参数的测量。 其次,基于转子式压缩机结构特征,提出了双级压缩系统运行模式划分方法。进而,构建了反映中间压力形成过程的变容量双级压缩系统压缩机动态耦合模型以及具有中间喷射特征的双级压缩热泵系统仿真模型,并利用实验结果对模型进行了验证。 第三,通过对系统变工况制热性能的研究,定量分析了可调节参数对系统性能的影响。在蒸发温度为-30~0℃,冷凝温度为35~50℃,低高压级压缩机理论输气量比ε在1.13~5.08范围时,系统制热量随着ε的增加而显著增大,其制热COPhot变化量可达到04左右。而喷射过程可促使系统制热量提高8%-15%,系统制热COPhot曾加5%~12%。 第四,基于仿真模型,并结合热力学状态图,诠释了具有耦合特性的双级压缩中各个过程及其输气量比和喷射特征参数对系统的影响。揭示了双级压缩系统具有低高压级压缩机不同步性、排气过程间歇性、压缩过程不连续性以及系统级间参数具有脉动的特征。以中间换热器为耦合条件的喷射量和喷射工质比焓,对级间参数产生较大影响,其喷射工质比焓是喷射过程影响工质状态变化的定性因素,而喷射量是喷射过程影响工质状态变化的定量因素;当喷射量增大时,中间混合过程将由一种稳定的“等压混合”过程经变质量“等容混合”过程的过渡,最终稳定到新的压力升高的“等压混合”过程。 最后,基于模拟和实验结果,分析了中间压力与系统制热性能参数的变化规律。指出中间压力对制热量影响具有敏感性而对制热性能系数影响具有弱钝化性的特征。以制热量、制热性能系数(?)效率最大化为原则对系统调节参数进行了优选,得到本研究系统在冷凝温度40℃,蒸发温度-30~0℃的变工况范围运行时,中间压力比特征参数取值为1.1~1.3、低高压级压缩机理论输气量比取值为1.3~3.2、相对喷射量取值为0.1~0.3、高压级压缩机吸气过热度取值为10℃~20℃,这些取值是最适宜的运行参数调节范围。
[Abstract]:In order to meet a series of low - temperature working conditions , when combined with an air - source heat pump , the ratio of capacity and coupling of two compressors in the system will change . In this paper , a complete double - stage compression heat pump technology is developed to enhance its practicability .

Firstly , based on the factors such as theoretical cycle analysis , comprehensive heating performance , controllability and safety stability , the cycle working quality of the system is determined .
Based on the theoretical cycle analysis results , a variable capacity double stage compression heat pump bench with adjustable injection characteristic parameters is set up , which is characterized in that the system adopts a variable frequency compressor and an electronic expansion valve device , and can realize the measurement of the macroscopic performance parameters of the system when the multi - variable working condition is realized .

Secondly , based on the characteristics of the rotor compressor , a method for dividing the operating modes of the two - stage compression system is presented . Furthermore , the dynamic coupling model of the variable capacity double - stage compression system and the simulation model of the double - stage compression heat pump system with the intermediate injection characteristics are constructed , and the model is verified by the experimental results .

Thirdly , the influence of the adjustable parameters on the system performance is analyzed quantitatively by studying the heating performance of the system under variable working conditions . When the evaporation temperature is -30 ~ 0 鈩,

本文编号:1686341

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