自由运行建筑人体热适应性研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 13:41

本文选题：热舒适　切入点：适应性　出处：《重庆大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：室内热环境与热舒适研究目前主要包括稳态热舒适和适应性热舒适研究两个方向。稳态热舒适模型主要基于人工气候室研究。而适应性模型由于综合考虑了自由运行建筑中人的热适应性，利于引导建筑设计考虑环境适应性、满足居民热环境质量要求同时又利于建筑节能，因此越来越受到人们的重视。然而现有的适应性模型，，主要基于现场测试研究和问卷调查，以热感觉投票为判据得到，而对于适应性过程机理研究仍处于黑箱状态。针对上述问题，本文开展了以下研究：首先本文通过文献研究分析归纳了适应性理论主要思想，对建筑热环境人体热适应性过程的特点进行了分析，并对现有热适应性机理研究存在的不足之处进行了分析归纳。通过理论分析，提出了定量研究适应性机理的信息熵方法，并对信息熵方法的产生和发展进行了深入分析，验证了其适用性。为本文研究工作的开展奠定了理论基础。在理论研究的基础上，本文对夏热冬冷地区重庆、武汉、成都的自由运行建筑室内热环境开展了为期一年的现场测试和问卷调查，获得了6100余份问卷，通过详细分析得到的了全年室内热环境参数、人员服装以及热感觉投票等基本信息。以服装热阻作为表征热适应性行为调节的指标，采用信息熵方法构建了服装热阻熵，得到了对全年服装热阻熵随室内空气温度的变化关系。针对主观热感觉投票，也采用信息熵方法构建了热感觉投票熵，分析了热感觉投票熵随室内空气温度变化的特点和规律。本文还采用实验室生理研究和问卷调研方法，通过在全年自由运行建筑实验室进行研究，得到了生理指标SCV以及问卷投票等基本信息。采用信息熵方法构建了SCV熵，通过求解得到了SCV熵随空气温度变化模型。通过对SCV熵变化特征的分析，定量分析了自由运行建筑中人体热适应生理调节过程的基本特点和规律。通过对实验室问卷调研得到的热感觉及热舒适投票数据进行统计分析，分析了主观感觉与客观生理指标变化的关系。本文最后对自由运行建筑人体热适应性模式进行了辨析，对适应过程中相互关联的行为、生理以及心理热调节的关系进行了理论分析。对自由运行建筑服装行为热调节、人群热感觉投票随室内环境的变化特征进行了进一步分析。在此基础上，从自动控制理论出发，提出了基于适应性机理的自由运行建筑室内热环境评价思路和方法，并给出了基于适应性行为、生理调节结合热感觉投票的可接受温度区间的定义。利用本文研究获得的行为调节、生理调节结合热感觉投票数据给出了夏热冬冷地区的室内可接受温度范围，证明了该方法的有效性和实用性，指出了该评价方法的应用方向。
[Abstract]:The research on indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort mainly includes two directions: steady-state thermal comfort and adaptive thermal comfort. The steady-state thermal comfort model is mainly based on artificial climate chamber. The thermal adaptability of people in running buildings, It is beneficial to guide the architectural design to consider the environmental adaptability, meet the requirements of the residents' thermal environment quality and also benefit the building energy saving, so it has attracted more and more attention. However, the existing adaptability models are mainly based on the field test research and the questionnaire survey. Based on the criterion of thermal sensing voting, the study of adaptive process mechanism is still in the black box state. In view of the above problems, the following studies are carried out in this paper:. Firstly, the main ideas of adaptability theory are summarized through literature analysis, and the characteristics of thermal adaptability process of human body in building thermal environment are analyzed. Through theoretical analysis, the information entropy method for quantitative study of adaptive mechanism is put forward, and the generation and development of information entropy method are deeply analyzed. It has proved its applicability and laid a theoretical foundation for the development of the research work in this paper. On the basis of theoretical research, this paper carried out a one-year field test and questionnaire survey on the indoor thermal environment of free-running buildings in Chongqing, Wuhan and Chengdu in the hot summer and cold winter regions. More than 6100 questionnaires were obtained. The basic information of indoor thermal environment parameters, personnel clothing and thermal perception voting were analyzed in detail. The clothing thermal resistance was used as the index to characterize the thermal adaptive behavior, and the information entropy method was used to construct the clothing thermal resistance entropy. The relationship between the thermal resistance entropy and indoor air temperature is obtained. The voting entropy of thermal sensation is also constructed by the information entropy method, and the characteristics and rules of the change of thermal sensation voting entropy with indoor air temperature are analyzed. In this paper, the basic information of physiological index SCV and questionnaire voting are obtained by using laboratory physiological research and questionnaire investigation method, and the SCV entropy is constructed by using information entropy method, through the free running of the building laboratory throughout the year, and the basic information such as physiological index SCV and questionnaire voting are obtained. The model of the change of SCV entropy with air temperature is obtained by solving the model. The characteristics of SCV entropy change are analyzed. The basic characteristics and rules of physiological regulation of human body thermal adaptation in free-running buildings are quantitatively analyzed. The data of thermal sensation and thermal comfort voting obtained from laboratory questionnaire survey are statistically analyzed. The relationship between subjective sensation and objective physiological index was analyzed. At the end of this paper, the thermal adaptability model of human body in the free running building is analyzed, and the relationship among the related behaviors, physiology and psychology in the process of adaptation is analyzed theoretically, and the thermal regulation of the behavior of the free running building clothing is analyzed. Based on the theory of automatic control, this paper puts forward the idea and method of indoor thermal environment evaluation based on adaptive mechanism. The definition of acceptable temperature range based on adaptive behavior, physiological regulation combined with thermal sensory voting is also given. The range of indoor acceptable temperature in hot summer and cold winter area is given by physiological regulation combined with heat sensing voting data. The validity and practicability of this method are proved and the application direction of the evaluation method is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111

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