兰州市公共交通空间分布特征及其可达性研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 03:35

本文选题：公共交通　切入点：空间分布　出处：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市的形成、发展与演变依赖于交通，城市的发展又促进了交通的发展。交通发展与城市演变相互影响，兴衰与共，是不可分割的有机整体。城市交通系统是城市体系的主要组成部分之一，而公共交通是城市交通系统的主要部分。随着城市化进程的不断加速，经济活动的日益频繁，人口的迅猛增长和城市规模的扩大都对公共交通提出了更高的要求。公共交通的发展直接关系着城市发展效率和居民生活水平的提高。兰州作为国内典型的带状河谷型城市，“两山夹一河”的地形特征使其交通问题具有典型性和代表性。交通问题一直是制约兰州市城市发展的重要因素之一，，因此，研究兰州市城市交通发展，尤其是公共交通的发展，对加速城市发展十分重要。本篇论文从城市公交空间分布以及公共交通的可达性两个方面进行研究：城市公交空间分布方面，首先介绍兰州市公共交通发展历程，其次从城市路网结构、机动车保有量、跨河交通以及市政工程等方面对交通发展所面临的问题进行了讨论；进一步的从城市公共交通系统规划指标体系中选取了线路长度、非直线系数、站点平均站距、线路网密度和站点覆盖率等空间分布指标来分析和评价兰州市公共交通发展现状，认为公交线路普遍偏长，非直线系数过大，站点平均站距偏小、线网密度差异大、首末站点分布不均衡以及公交站点覆盖率低，是公交线网中存在的主要问题。公共交通可达性方面，借助ArcGIS软件，通过空间阻隔模型从距离、时间、费用三个角度，对分布于黄河两岸以及铁路南北两侧的共80个公交始末站点的可达性进行分析评价，通过线性相加得出综合可达性分布规律。结果表明：各首末站点时空及费用可达性基本呈现由带状几何中心沿东西两侧对称递减分布，且东部高于西部。其中，小西湖站、西关十字站和兰州西站的可达性位列前三甲，阿干镇站、新城站和柳泉乡政府站的可达性居尾。在此基础上，提出了一些公共交通发展的策略：优化路网结构、发展大容量公共交通、合理规划站点、积极开发水上交通、不断提升管理水平等措施。以改善城市公交空间分布的现状和提高城市公交的可达性，以期对兰州城市交通的持续健康协调发展提供决策参考。
[Abstract]:The formation, development and evolution of the city depend on the traffic, and the development of the city promotes the development of the traffic. The urban transportation system is one of the main components of the urban system, and the public transportation is the main part of the urban transportation system. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, economic activities become more and more frequent. The rapid growth of population and the expansion of urban scale have put forward higher requirements for public transport, the development of which is directly related to the efficiency of urban development and the improvement of residents' living standards. Lanzhou is a typical zonal river valley city in China. The topographic characteristics of "two mountains and one river" make its traffic problem typical and representative. Traffic problem has always been one of the important factors restricting the development of Lanzhou city. It is very important to study the development of urban transportation, especially the development of public transportation in Lanzhou. This paper studies the spatial distribution of urban public transport and the accessibility of public transport. In terms of the spatial distribution of urban public transport, the development course of public transportation in Lanzhou is introduced, and the problems faced by the development of public transportation are discussed from the aspects of urban road network structure, vehicle ownership, cross-river traffic and municipal engineering. Further selected from the urban public transport system planning index system, line length, non-linear coefficient, station average station distance, line network density and station coverage, and other spatial distribution indicators to analyze and evaluate the status of public transport development in Lanzhou. It is considered that the main problems in the bus network are that the bus lines are generally long, the coefficient of nonlinearity is too large, the average station distance is small, the density difference of the network is large, the distribution of the first and last stations is uneven and the coverage of the bus stations is low. In terms of public transport accessibility, with the help of ArcGIS software, the accessibility of 80 public transport stations distributed on both sides of the Yellow River and on the north and south sides of the railway is analyzed and evaluated through the spatial barrier model from the angles of distance, time and cost. The law of comprehensive reachability distribution is obtained by linear addition. The results show that the distribution of space-time and cost reachability of the first and last stations basically decreases from the center of the zonal geometry along the east and west sides, and is higher in the east than in the west. Xiguan Cross Station and Lanzhou West Station reach the top three, Agan Town Station, Xincheng Station and Liuquan township government station in the end of reachability. On this basis, some strategies for the development of public transport are put forward: optimizing the road network structure, developing large capacity public transport, rationally planning stations, and actively developing water transportation. In order to improve the present situation of urban public transport spatial distribution and improve the accessibility of urban public transport, it is expected to provide a decision reference for the sustainable and healthy coordinated development of Lanzhou urban traffic.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.191

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