建筑节能评估体系关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 04:11

本文选题：建筑能耗　切入点：建筑节能评估　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑行业能耗已接近世界能源消耗总量的40%，建筑节能已成为各个国家节能减排工作的中心。我国于2010年强制要求新建项目必须满足节能要求，颁布了《固定资产投资项目节能评估和审查暂行办法》，待建项目必须实事求是撰写节能评估报告送审，经审核考察通过之后项目才可以开工建设。虽然《固定资产投资项目节能评估和审查暂行办法》对建筑节能评估报告进行了规定和要求，但是大多建筑节能评估报告并没有很好地体现建筑的节能性设计和要求，没有切实有效的能耗计算方法，对于节能与否的判断也仅局限于节能技术的枚举、堆砌。除去企业自身的原因，这种现象也与国家的法律规范过于宏观，没有一个较为具体、行之有效的评估指导意见方法有很大关系。本文通过对建筑节能体系的全面研究，提出了一种建筑节能评估方式以供业界探究，并辅以实际工程案例来阐述这种评估方式的易操作性与准确性。该评估方式按设计方案评估、建筑能耗计算、建筑节能措施合理性分析以及运营能效评价四个步骤依次进行。设计方案评估在对标法的基础上，结合项目周边资源环境、项目功能定位对各个耗能系统（暖通、给排水、建筑电气）的设计形式进行评价；在能耗计算过程中，，利用建筑能耗模拟软件及因数法代替指标法，使建筑能耗计算过程能够逐时模拟实际运营情况，计算结果更加贴近实际能耗数值；在节能措施评估环节中，对不同建筑节能技术的使用环境进行剖析，介绍评价建筑节能技术合理应用的方式和方法。最后，本文提出项目需要进行建筑运营阶段的能效评价，重在检验理论评估的准确性，为后期建筑节能诊断提供可参考的数据资料。有效落实节能评估，从宏观角度而言能够严格控制我国新建建筑能耗，提高建筑能源的利用效率；从用户本身而言能够最大程度地降低建筑运营成本，减少建筑运营能耗费用。建筑节能评估在我国建筑行业可持续发展的道路上具有十分重要的意义，不断深化研究节能评估关键技术能够促进建筑更多地从节能角度进行规划、设计、施工、运营，对建筑节能事业的发展有极大的帮助。
[Abstract]:The energy consumption of the construction industry is close to 40% of the total energy consumption in the world. Building energy saving has become the center of energy saving and emission reduction in various countries.In 2010, China forced new projects to meet the requirements of energy conservation, promulgated the "interim measures for Energy Saving Evaluation and Review of fixed assets Investment projects", and the pending projects must write energy conservation assessment reports to be submitted to the public for review.After examination and inspection passed, the project can start construction.Although the interim measures for Energy Saving Assessment and Review of fixed assets Investment projects stipulates and requires the building energy conservation assessment report, most of the building energy efficiency assessment reports do not well reflect the energy-saving design and requirements of the building.There is no effective calculation method of energy consumption, and the judgment of energy saving is limited to enumeration and stacking of energy saving technology.Apart from the reasons of the enterprise itself, this phenomenon is also related to the national legal norms too macro, there is no more specific, effective evaluation guidance method has a very large relationship.Based on the comprehensive study of building energy conservation system, this paper puts forward a kind of building energy conservation evaluation method for the industry to explore, and with practical engineering cases to explain the ease of operation and accuracy of this evaluation method.The evaluation method is followed by four steps: design scheme evaluation, building energy consumption calculation, rationality analysis of building energy conservation measures and operational energy efficiency evaluation.The evaluation of design scheme is based on the standard method, combined with the surrounding resources and environment of the project, the function orientation of the project evaluates the design forms of each energy dissipation system (HVAC, water supply and sewerage, building electricity), and in the process of energy consumption calculation,The building energy consumption simulation software and factor method are used instead of the index method to make the calculation process of building energy consumption can simulate the actual operation time by hour, and the calculation results are closer to the actual energy consumption value.This paper analyzes the application environment of different building energy saving technology, and introduces the ways and methods to evaluate the rational application of building energy saving technology.Finally, this paper puts forward that the project needs to carry on the energy efficiency evaluation in the construction operation stage, focusing on checking the accuracy of the theoretical evaluation, and providing the reference data for the later building energy saving diagnosis.The effective implementation of energy conservation evaluation can strictly control the energy consumption of new buildings and improve the efficiency of building energy use from the macro perspective; from the user itself can reduce the cost of building operation to the greatest extent and reduce the cost of building operation energy consumption.The evaluation of building energy conservation is of great significance on the road of sustainable development of the construction industry in our country. The research on the key technology of energy conservation assessment can promote the building to plan, design, construct and operate more from the perspective of energy saving.It is of great help to the development of building energy conservation.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU201.5

【参考文献】