地下工程建设第三方巡查预警系统平台设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 19:28

本文选题：地下工程 + 施工风险　；参考：《中国科学院大学(工程管理与信息技术学院)》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市地下工程具有施工难度大、现场环境条件复杂、工期长、技术要求高、对环境影响控制要求高等特点,地下工程建设带有很强的不确定性,是一项非常复杂的高风险性的系统工程,若风险控制不力,将可能发生重大安全事故,给国家和人民带来巨大的经济损失,产生严重的负面社会影响。实践表明,加强地下工程建设的风险管理,实施地下工程施工第三方监测是保证施工安全和工程质量十分重要的举措,可有效地避免施工过程中可能发生的事故。在此背景下,本文以第三方监测巡查工作为背景,以风险管理为依据,完成了巡查预警系统平台内容的设计研究,本文的主要完成的工作如下： (1)本文通过查阅大量文献,介绍了地下工程发展概况及施工安全风险管理的必要性和紧迫性,归纳总结了国内外地下工程风险管理和地下工程监控及信息化管理的研究现状、不足之处和发展趋势。 (2)本文结合地下工程的特点,针对第三方监测工作需要、所承担的责任和可能遇到的问题,对平台服务的对象、巡查的频率、作用和需求进行分解,利用层次分析法建立第三方监测巡查预警系统平台框架。 (3)本文采用核查表法、专家调研法及头脑风暴法,研究分析了地下工程建设潜在的风险因素,较全面地分析和识别出地下工程施工期的安全风险事件和可能发生的预警点。识别出安全风险事件50类,可能发生的预警点132项。其中矿山法安全风险事件21类,可能发生的预警点47项；明挖法安全风险事件7类,可能发生的预警点30项；盾构法安全风险事件9类,可能发生的预警点21项；周边环境6大类风险源安全风险事件13类,可能发生的预警点34项。 (4)本文采用德尔菲法、专家调研法和风险矩阵法,评估了已识别可能发生的预警点的风险等级,总结了第三方监测现场巡查的重点内容,评估出预警点五级风险0项,四级风险32项,三级风险89项,二级风险11项。提出以可能发生高风险预警点的风险事件为现场巡查的重点,经研究共得出现场巡检重点内容21项。以预警点的事故等级为巡查预警级别标准,得出红色预警4项,橙色预警39项,黄色预警54项。为风险监控和预警辅助决策提供了技术保障。系统平台的建设为第三方监测单位提供统一工作平台,解决了现场巡查点的技术资料无法实时查询,现场巡查时风险识别、评估和预警工作对从业人员的工作经验及技术能力依赖性过强,避免出现因从业人员经验不足或技术水平不够而出现的出现风险漏查、预警漏报的情况,基本做到适时、适处、有效、系统的完成第三方监测巡查和预警决策工作,增强第三方监测工作的时效性、科学性,为保障地下工程建设安全发挥重要作用。
[Abstract]:Urban underground engineering has the characteristics of difficult construction, complex site environmental conditions, long construction period, high technical requirements, high requirements for environmental impact control, etc. The underground engineering construction has strong uncertainty.It is a very complex system engineering with high risk. If the risk control is not enough, there will be serious safety accidents, which will bring huge economic losses to the country and people, and produce serious negative social impact.The practice shows that strengthening the risk management of underground engineering construction and carrying out the third-party monitoring of underground engineering construction are very important measures to ensure the construction safety and engineering quality, and can effectively avoid the possible accidents in the construction process.Under this background, this paper takes the third party monitoring and inspection as the background, based on the risk management, completes the design research of the platform content of the inspection and warning system. The main work of this paper is as follows:This paper introduces the development of underground engineering and the necessity and urgency of construction safety risk management, and summarizes the research status of underground engineering risk management, underground engineering monitoring and information management at home and abroad.Deficiencies and trends.2) according to the characteristics of underground engineering, aiming at the needs, responsibilities and problems of the third party monitoring work, this paper decomposes the object of platform service, the frequency of inspection, the function and demand.The framework of the third party monitoring and early warning system is established by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP).In this paper, the potential risk factors of underground engineering construction are studied and analyzed by means of verification table method, expert investigation method and brainstorming method, and the safety risk events and possible early warning points during the construction period of underground engineering are analyzed and identified comprehensively.Identify 50 types of security risk events, 132 possible warning points.Among them, 21 types of mine law safety risk events, 47 possible early warning points, 7 types of open excavation safety risk events, 30 possible early warning points, 9 types of shield tunneling safety risk events, 21 possible early warning points;There are 6 types of risk sources, 13 types of security events and 34 possible warning points in the surrounding environment.In this paper, Delphi method, expert investigation method and risk matrix method are used to evaluate the risk levels of the potential early warning points identified, and the key contents of field inspection by third party monitoring are summarized, and 0 items of five risk levels are evaluated.There are 32 fourth-level risks, 89 third-level risks and 11 second-level risks.This paper puts forward that the risk event of high risk early warning point may be the focal point of field inspection, and 21 items of key contents of site inspection are obtained by studying.According to the accident grade of warning points, 4 items of red warning, 39 items of orange warning and 54 items of yellow warning were obtained.It provides technical support for risk monitoring and early warning decision-making.The construction of the system platform provides a unified working platform for the third party monitoring units. It solves the problem that the technical information of the spot inspection points can not be queried in real time, and the risk identification during the field inspection.The assessment and early warning work is too dependent on the working experience and technical ability of the practitioners, so as to avoid the occurrence of risk leakage due to the lack of experience or technical level of the practitioners, and to ensure that the situation of missing early warning reports is basically timely and appropriate,Effective, the system completes the third party monitoring inspection and the early warning decision-making work, enhances the third party monitoring work the timeliness, the science, in order to safeguard the underground engineering construction safety to play the important role.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(工程管理与信息技术学院)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU94

【参考文献】