活性炭—超滤组合工艺的运行效能与工程示范
发布时间:2018-04-19 18:51
本文选题:深度处理 + 活性炭 ; 参考:《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文
【摘要】:随着水源污染的日益严重和饮用水水质标准的不断提高,饮用水处理工艺也面临着更高的要求。传统的活性炭工艺和超滤工艺在水质处理上均有着各自的局限性,若将两者联用则有着很好的互补性,能够充分保障水质的安全。深圳市沙头角水厂规模为4万m3/d的深度处理升级改造工程采用了活性炭与超滤联用的方式。本文以活性炭-超滤组合工艺在沙头角水厂的应用展开研究,对活性炭-超滤组合工艺的处理效能、运行参数进行研究和优化,并对沙头角水厂的深度处理工程改造和工艺应用特点进行总结和评价。 活性炭-超滤组合工艺的出水浊度均小于0.1NTU,平均为0.07NTU,2μm以上颗粒数均小于10CNT/mL,平均为4CNT/mL,菌落总数小于1CFU/mL,浮游动物均未检出,CODMn平均去除率为33%、DOC平均去除率为26%、UV254平均去除率为45%。活性炭-超滤组合工艺的运行效果十分良好,各出水水质指标均明显优于GB5749-2006。对CODMn、DOC、UV254等有机物指标的去除主要由活性炭滤池去除,对菌落总数、浮游动物等微生物指标的去除主要由超滤去除,活性炭滤池和超滤有着很好的互补作用,两者联用充分保障了水质的安全。 对活性炭滤池反冲洗时间的优化试验表明,活性炭滤池反冲洗在6min以上即可达到良好的冲洗效果。对活性炭滤池反冲洗周期的优化试验表明,活性炭滤池的反冲洗周期对运行效果影响不大,反洗周期从2d延长至4d、6d、8d,对浊度、颗粒物等的处理效果变化不大,反冲洗周期的延长使CODMn的去除效果略有上升,同时反冲洗周期的延长使出水微生物含量有一定升高。建议活性炭滤池反洗周期采用6d。活性炭的碘值、亚甲蓝值、比表面积和孔容积在运行初期下降较快,之后逐渐趋于相对平稳。由于活性炭滤池炭层厚度相对较小,滤池抵抗运行负荷冲击的能力相对薄弱。 对超滤反冲洗的气擦洗时间、进气强度、水反洗时间和进水强度进行的四因素三水平正交试验表明,在气擦洗时间35s、进气强度9m3/h、水反洗时间70s、进水强度160L/(m2·h)下的膜污染程度最轻。对超滤的运行通量和反洗周期的优化试验表明,超滤运行通量和反洗周期的变化对超滤的处理效果几乎不会产生影响,超滤的处理效果有着极高的稳定性。通量和反洗周期的变化对膜污染会产生一定影响,运行通量较大则跨膜压差的上升速率也较大,反洗周期的延长也使得跨膜压差的上升速率有一定升高。完整性测试表明,超滤膜组件有着较好的稳定性和可持续性,长期运行下没有出现膜破损和膜丝断裂的情况。 沙头角水厂深度处理工程有着较好的示范性,,是在水厂预留地不足的情况下进行的深度处理升级改造的新尝试,对于我国众多的同类水厂,在深度处理工艺选择和改造方式上有着十分有益的借鉴和参考作用。
[Abstract]:With the increasing pollution of water sources and the improvement of drinking water quality standards, drinking water treatment process is also facing higher requirements. The traditional activated carbon process and ultrafiltration process have their own limitations in water quality treatment. If they are combined, they are complementary and can fully guarantee the safety of water quality. The advanced treatment upgrading project of Shenzhen Shatoujiao Waterworks, with a scale of 40,000 m3 / d, adopts the combination of activated carbon and ultrafiltration. In this paper, the application of activated carbon-ultrafiltration process in Sha Tau Kok Waterworks is studied, and the treatment efficiency and operation parameters of AC-UF combination process are studied and optimized. The features of advanced treatment engineering and process application in Sha Tau Kok Waterworks are summarized and evaluated. The turbidity of effluent of activated carbon ultrafiltration process was less than 0.1 NTU, the average number of particles above 2 渭 m was less than 10 CNT / mL, the average was 4 CNT / mL, the total number of bacteria was less than 1 CFU / mL, the average removal rate of CODMn was 33 DOC and the average removal rate of 26U UV254 was 45%. The combined process of activated carbon and ultrafiltration is very effective, and the effluent quality index is obviously superior to that of GB5749-2006. The removal of organic compounds such as COD mn, DOC, UV254 and so on is mainly removed by activated carbon filter, and the removal of microbial indexes such as the total number of bacteria and zooplankton is mainly removed by ultrafiltration. The activated carbon filter and ultrafiltration have very good complementary effect. The combination of the two fully guarantees the safety of water quality. The experiments on the backwashing time of activated carbon filter show that the backwashing of activated carbon filter can achieve good effect when the backwashing time is above 6min. The optimum test of backwashing cycle of activated carbon filter shows that the backwashing cycle of activated carbon filter has little influence on the operation effect, the backwashing period is extended from 2 days to 6 days and 8 days, and the effect of turbidity and particulate matter treatment is not changed much. The removal efficiency of CODMn was slightly increased with the prolongation of backwashing cycle, and the microbial content of effluent was increased with the prolongation of backwashing cycle. It is suggested that the backwash cycle of activated carbon filter should be adopted for 6 days. The iodine value, methylene blue value, specific surface area and pore volume of activated carbon decreased rapidly at the initial stage of operation, and then tended to be relatively stable. Because the carbon layer thickness of activated carbon filter is relatively small, the ability of the filter to resist the impact of running load is relatively weak. Four factors and three levels orthogonal test were carried out on the air scrubbing time, intake air intensity, water backwashing time and influent intensity of ultrafiltration backwashing. The results showed that the membrane fouling degree was the least under the condition of air scrubbing time 35 s, intake air intensity 9 m3 / h, water backwashing time 70 s, influent intensity 160L/(m2 h). The optimization tests on the operating flux and backwash period of ultrafiltration showed that the change of operating flux and backwash period had little effect on the treatment effect of ultrafiltration, and the treatment effect of ultrafiltration had high stability. The change of flux and backwash period will have a certain effect on membrane fouling, and the rising rate of transmembrane pressure difference will be larger when the running flux is larger, and the increase rate of transmembrane pressure difference will be increased with the prolongation of backwash cycle. The integrity test showed that the UF membrane assembly had good stability and sustainability, and there was no membrane breakage and membrane wire breakage under long-term operation. The advanced treatment project of Sha Tau Kok Waterworks has a good demonstration, and it is a new attempt to upgrade and upgrade the advanced treatment process under the condition of insufficient reserved land in the water works. For many similar water plants in China, It is useful for reference and reference in the selection of advanced treatment process and the modification method.
【学位授予单位】:哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:TU991.2
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