层状反倾岩质边坡崩塌机理研究:以湖北鹤峰红莲池铁矿边坡为例

发布时间：2018-05-03 20:07

本文选题：反倾岩坡 + 崩塌　；参考：《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》2014年07期

【摘要】：以湖北鹤峰红莲池铁矿山体崩塌为例,在分析边坡地质条件及采矿扰动的基础上,通过离散元软件UDEC模拟,研究边坡在自重、露采、地下开采等因素作用下的变形破坏特征,认为这一类层状反倾岩质边坡发生崩塌灾害的控制性因素主要有4个:(1)层状块裂岩体结构,岩体被岩层面及节理切割成块体,离散性好,形成架空结构;(2)露天开采导致弯曲倾倒变形,露采区上部岩体发生类似于"悬臂梁"的弯曲变形,边坡处于长期蠕变状态;(3)地下开采直接降低下部岩体的竖向承载力,同时,部分"悬臂梁"嵌固端被截断,导致其抗弯力矩降低,边坡岩体加速蠕变;(4)暴雨加速崩塌发生,降雨入渗直接导致岩体结构面强度降低,并在节理裂隙中产生渗透压力或静水压力,加速崩塌的发生。对于该类层状反倾山体,矿体主要埋藏于地下,山脚也有出露,前期露天开采和后期地下开采共同导致山体应力环境的调整,是崩塌发生的主要原因。建议采取对露天采空区上部岩体进行支撑、对地下采空区进行及时回填、对山体上部裂隙进行封填的防治措施。
[Abstract]:Taking the collapse of Honglianchi Iron Mine in Hefeng, Hubei Province as an example, on the basis of analyzing the geological conditions of the slope and mining disturbance, the deformation and failure characteristics of the slope under the action of gravity, open pit mining and underground mining are studied by using discrete element software UDEC simulation. It is considered that the main controlling factors for the collapse disaster of this kind of stratified reverse dip rock slope are 4: 1) layered block fractured rock mass structure, the rock mass is cut into blocks by rock face and joint, and the dispersion of rock mass is good. Open pit mining results in bending and toppling deformation, the upper rock mass in exposed mining area is similar to "cantilever beam" bending deformation, the slope is in long-term creep state, underground mining directly reduces the vertical bearing capacity of the lower rock mass, at the same time, the vertical bearing capacity of the lower rock mass is directly reduced by underground mining. Some "cantilever beam" embedded ends are truncated, which results in the reduction of bending moment, the accelerated creep of slope rock mass and the occurrence of accelerated collapse. The rainfall infiltration directly results in the decrease of the strength of rock mass structural plane. Osmotic pressure or hydrostatic pressure is produced in joint fracture, which accelerates the occurrence of collapse. The orebody is mainly buried in the ground and the foot of the mountain is exposed. The adjustment of stress environment in the early stage and later stage of underground mining is the main reason for the collapse. It is suggested that the prevention measures should be taken to support the upper rock mass in the open-pit goaf, to backfill the underground goaf in time, and to seal the cracks in the upper mountain body.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)项目(2011CB710605)
【分类号】：TU457

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