中国地级及以上城市效率评价及其时空演变研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 22:08

本文选题：城市效率 + DEA　；参考：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市是区域乃至国家经济发展的重要增长极，而城市效率又直接决定城市发展的质量，提高城市效率是实现城市“又好又快”发展的必要途径。改革开放以来，中国的城市发展取得了巨大成就，城市化进程不断加快，城市规模日益扩大，城市经济持续增长。然而，中国的城市效率普遍较低，城市发展中的“高消耗、高污染、低产出”现象明显，这导致了大量的资源耗费，也降低了城市的发展质量。城市效率也逐渐与城市GDP和城市化率一起，成为衡量城市发展水平的重要指标，引起各界的广泛关注。本论文研究内容主要包括以下三个方面：一是建立中国地级及以上城市效率评价指标体系与评价方法；二是揭示中国地级及以上城市效率在时间和空间上的演变特征；三是分析中国地级及以上城市效率的影响因素，寻求区域视角下提高城市效率的现实路径。全文共分为五章：第一章为绪论，提出了本次研究的背景、意义、内容、思路和方法。第二、三、四章是核心部分，第二章运用DEA模型对中国地级及以上城市效率进行了测算和评价。第三章分析了2001~2010年中国地级及以上城市效率的时空演变特征，并运用ESDA探索性空间数据分析研究了城市效率的依赖作用和空间溢出效应。第四章从资源禀赋、人力资本、产业结构和政策制度等方面分析了城市效率的影响因素，并从区域视角探讨了提高中国城市效率的对策建议。最后，第五章归纳了本文的结论和创新点，并对不足之处进行了讨论。本文主要结论如下：（1）近10年来，中国地级及以上城市效率普遍不高，且城市效率呈现出波动发展的趋势，，而中国GDP和城市化率则呈现出逐年递增的态势。中国城市的“发展”是“高消耗、高污染、低产出”的粗放型增长，只注重地区GDP和城市化率的提高，而忽视了城市效率的提高。（2）中国三大地带间城市效率差异显著，呈现出东、中、西“阶梯型”递减的分布格局，中国城市效率的分布与三大地带的经济发展格局相一致。东部地区城市效率水平高于全国平均水平，也远高于中部和西部地区，而中部和西部地区则在全国平均水平以下。城市效率不仅存在空间依赖作用，还存在较强的空间溢出效应。（3）从行政级别来看，中国城市效率分布格局与城市行政级别相一致，城市行政级别越高，城市效率就越高。总体来看，2001~2010年中国城市效率呈现出按直辖市、省会和副省级市、地级市“阶梯型”递减的分布态势，仅在2001和2007年略有变化。从城市规模来看，中国城市效率分布格局与城市规模等级一致，城市规模等级越高，城市效率就越高。从城市职能来看，中国地级及以上城市效率表现为综合性城市与专业型城市之间的差异，综合性城市的平均城市效率高于专业型城市的平均城市效率。（4）技术效率和规模效率是制约城市综合效率的主要方面，但规模效率的影响要大于技术效率。中国城市普遍尚未突破“规模瓶颈”，规模效率仍是当前制约城市综合效率的主要方面。中国大多数城市仍处于“成长型”阶段，投入相对不足，城市体系多为规模收益递增。仅有少部分城市的发展水平处于较高阶段，城市体系达到了规模收益不变或规模收益递减。（5）资源禀赋、人力资本、产业结构和政策制度等是造成中国城市效率差异的主要方面。中国三大地带间城市效率的差异启示城市在发展过程中应深化改革，加强技术创新和规模调整；努力打破区划界限，形成合理的区域发展格局；打造经济增长极，发挥群聚效应和辐射效应。由此努力提高城市效率，缩小东、中、西部城市发展差距，形成“东部繁荣、中部崛起、西部开发”的良好区域发展格局。
[Abstract]:City is the important growth pole of regional and national economic development, and urban efficiency directly determines the quality of urban development. Improving urban efficiency is a necessary way to realize the "good and fast" development of the city. Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in urban development, the process of Urbanization is accelerating and the scale of the city is expanding increasingly. Urban economy continues to grow. However, China's urban efficiency is generally low. The phenomenon of "high consumption, high pollution and low production" is obvious in urban development, which leads to a large amount of resource consumption and reduces the quality of urban development. The urban efficiency has gradually become an important point to measure the level of urban development with the urban GDP and urbanization rate. The standard has attracted wide attention from all walks of life.
The research content of this paper mainly includes the following three aspects: first, to establish the index system and evaluation method of Chinese level and above urban efficiency evaluation; two to reveal the evolution characteristics of China's level and above urban efficiency in time and space; three to analyze the factors affecting the efficiency of China's local level and above city and to seek a regional perspective The full text is divided into five chapters. The full text is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is the introduction, which puts forward the background, significance, content, ideas and methods of this study. Second, third, the four chapter is the core part, and the second chapter uses the DEA model to calculate and evaluate the efficiency of Chinese prefecture level and above city. The third chapter analyses the Chinese land in 2001~2010. The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of urban efficiency at the level and above are studied, and the dependence and spatial spillover effects of urban efficiency are studied by ESDA exploratory spatial data analysis. The fourth chapter analyzes the influence factors of urban efficiency from the aspects of resource endowment, human capital, industrial structure and policy system, and discusses the improvement of China city from a regional perspective. Finally, the fifth chapter summarizes the conclusions and innovations of this paper, and discusses the shortcomings. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) in recent 10 years, the efficiency of Chinese cities and cities is generally not high, and the urban efficiency has shown a trend of fluctuation and development, while the GDP and urbanization rate in China is increasing year by year. The "development" of Chinese cities is "high consumption, high pollution, low output", and it pays attention to the increase of regional GDP and urbanization rate. The improvement of urban efficiency is ignored.
(2) the difference of urban efficiency between the three regions of China is significant, showing the distribution pattern of the eastward, middle and Western "ladder" decreasing distribution. The distribution of urban efficiency in China is consistent with the economic development pattern of the three regions. The urban efficiency level in the eastern region is higher than the national average level, and is far higher than that in the central and western regions, while the central and western regions are in the central and western regions. Below the national average level, urban efficiency not only has spatial dependence, but also has a strong spatial spillover effect.
(3) from the administrative level, the distribution pattern of urban efficiency in China is in accordance with the urban administrative level, the higher the urban administrative level, the higher the urban efficiency. In general, the urban efficiency of China in 2001~2010 shows the distribution trend of the decline of "ladder type" in the provincial capital City, provincial capital and sub provincial city, and the level city "ladder type", only slightly changed in 2001 and 2007. From the scale of city, the distribution pattern of urban efficiency in China is the same as the scale of urban scale. The higher the urban scale is, the higher the urban efficiency is. From the view of city function, the efficiency of China's level and above is the difference between the comprehensive city and the professional city, and the average urban efficiency of the comprehensive city is higher than that of the professional city. The average city efficiency.
(4) technical efficiency and scale efficiency are the main factors that restrict the comprehensive efficiency of the city, but the impact of scale efficiency is more than technical efficiency. In Chinese cities, the "scale bottleneck" has not been broken out, and the scale efficiency is still the main aspect of restricting the comprehensive efficiency of the city. Only a few cities have a higher level of development, and the urban system has reached the same scale of income or diminishing returns to scale.
(5) resource endowment, human capital, industrial structure and policy system are the main aspects that cause the difference of urban efficiency in China. The difference of urban efficiency among the three regions of China suggests that the city should deepen the reform in the process of development, strengthen the technological innovation and scale adjustment, make efforts to break the boundary of the zoning, and form a reasonable regional development pattern; create a rational regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; create a reasonable regional development pattern; build In order to improve the efficiency of the city and reduce the gap between the East, middle and western cities, a good regional development pattern of "Eastern prosperity, the rise of the central region and the western development" is formed.

【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.2;F299.23

【参考文献】