山东乡村聚落景观评价模型构建与优化应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:46

本文选题：山东 + 乡村聚落　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：乡村聚落景观是中国乡村重要的组成成分之一,占有土地面积的绝大部分。当今,乡村聚落景观的发展不仅面临着机遇也面临着困扰。本研究主要关注山东区域的乡村,选取合理评价指标,构建山东乡村景观评价体系,并选择有代表性的乡村进行评价,根据评价指数寻找发展潜力性与破坏性数据,从而给予优化策略,并根据策略进行优化设计。首先通过资料查阅、田野调研、问卷调查、问题分析等方法,从平面与立面两个角度对山东聚落景观的特征形态做理论性描述与分析；并根据乡村景观要素以及乡村功能所产生的价值选取合理指标,从而构建乡村景观评价指标体系；采用“3+1”模式,借助AHP软件进行分析,在实地调查以及专家打分的基础上获取数据,计算各个指标在聚落景观中得分的权重,确定各个指标及评价总目标的取值；最后根据科学性以及实践性原则选取研究点,包括古民居保护、平原地域、丘陵地域与山地地域类型有代表性的村庄各一个,将选取的研究点根据评价模型进行数据分析,从而获取各个指标的数值,确立需要优化的思路。最后根据数据分析结果,将四个研究区域分别确定为山水生态型、传统农业型、工业发展潜力型、古建筑民居保护规划型,进行优化策略分析以及尝试图纸设计方案。在上述研究基础上,完成山东乡村聚落景观优化研究,其主要研究结果包括： ①以人类聚居学与景观生态学为基础,根据乡村景观所包含的景观要素、乡村景观的功能、价值等,将乡村聚落景观评价分5层61个指标,建立山东乡村聚落景观评价模型。 ②探索了乡村景观优化策略与思路,即在乡村聚落景观评价模型的基础上对考察点进行评价,并以研究点的潜力值以及破坏值作为需要优化的对象,即本研究点所具有的发展潜力以及修复具有破坏性的元素,根据评价结果,强化乡村所具有的优势特质,弱化破坏性因素,做出优化策略与方案分析。 ③利用地理、地势、人文以及非物质文化等多要素的叠合对乡村景观分类,从而确定乡村景观发展的类型。非物质文化与乡村景观密切相关,看似无形的文化却对乡村聚落景观起着至关重要的作用,所以将非物质文化因素融入乡村景观评价指标体系是有必要的。
[Abstract]:Rural settlement landscape is one of the important components of Chinese rural areas, occupying most of the land area. Nowadays, the development of rural settlement landscape faces not only opportunities but also problems. This research mainly pays attention to the villages in Shandong region, selects the reasonable evaluation index, constructs the evaluation system of Shandong rural landscape, and selects the representative villages to evaluate, according to the evaluation index to find the development potential and destructive data. The optimization strategy is given and the optimization design is carried out according to the strategy. Firstly, through the methods of data reference, field investigation, questionnaire investigation and problem analysis, this paper theoretically describes and analyzes the characteristic form of Shandong settlement landscape from two angles of plane and elevation. According to the factors of rural landscape and the value produced by rural function, the reasonable indexes are selected to construct the evaluation index system of rural landscape, and the "31" model is adopted to analyze the system with the help of AHP software. On the basis of field investigation and expert scoring, the paper obtains data, calculates the weight of each index score in settlement landscape, determines the value of each index and total evaluation goal, and finally selects the research points according to the scientific and practical principles. Including ancient residence protection, plain area, hilly region and mountainous region type of representative village, the selected research points are analyzed according to the evaluation model, so as to obtain the value of each index, and establish the idea to be optimized. Finally, according to the results of data analysis, the four research areas are determined to be landscape ecological type, traditional agriculture type, industrial development potential type, the protection and planning type of ancient residential buildings, the analysis of optimization strategy and the attempt of drawing design scheme. On the basis of the above research, the study of rural settlement landscape optimization in Shandong Province is completed. The main results are as follows: On the basis of human settlement science and landscape ecology, the evaluation model of rural settlement landscape in Shandong Province was established according to the landscape elements, functions and values of rural landscape, and the evaluation of rural settlement landscape was divided into 5 layers and 61 indexes. (2) the strategy and train of thought of rural landscape optimization are explored, that is to say, on the basis of the evaluation model of rural settlement landscape, the study site is evaluated, and the potential value and damage value of the research point are taken as the objects that need to be optimized. That is, the development potential of this research site and repair of destructive elements, according to the evaluation results, strengthen the advantages of rural characteristics, weaken the destructive factors, and make the optimization strategy and program analysis. (3) the combination of geography, topography, humanities and immaterial culture is used to classify the rural landscape, and the types of rural landscape development are determined. The immaterial culture is closely related to the rural landscape, but the seemingly invisible culture plays a vital role in the rural settlement landscape. So it is necessary to integrate the intangible cultural factors into the evaluation index system of rural landscape.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU982.29

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