基于BIM的施工进度—成本上下文信息模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 17:49

本文选题：BIM + IFC标准　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：上世纪八十年代以来，我国建筑业发展非常迅速。建筑结构更复杂、功能更全面、施工过程更迅捷的建筑物比比皆是。然而，施工过程越来越复杂，导致几乎每个工程项目都蕴含着种类繁多、数量巨大的工程属性信息，各施工主体之间难以进行有效的信息交换。另一方面，各主体处理施工信息的方式不同、存储信息的格式相异，是各施工方之间产生“信息孤岛”的另一关键原因。此外，在施工现场，与施工构件直接相关的人力、物料和设备等资源的实时信息多变，与BIM（BuildingInformationModeling）信息空间中的构件信息之间难以实现有效的关联和协同。进度与成本控制是工程项目管理的生命线，但是蕴含在各建筑构件上的施工进度与成本信息却难以得到有效的描述，更无法形成标准格式的中间文件供各方使用。本文立足于上述环境，，借助建筑业数据交换标准IFC（Industry FoundationClasses），从施工进度与成本信息的组织、表达和共享出发，提出了施工进度-成本上下文信息模型的构建设想，旨在完善各施工构件实体定义和工程属性集，通过属性信息的调用即可得到其施工顺序、工期、工程量和成本等信息。具体地，分析了遍布于施工现场的进度与成本上下文信息，定义了各构件及其所在的施工作业之间的前后顺序、并发关系、选择关系和循环关系，建立了四种逻辑关系信息模型；根据构件储存的工期信息，阐释了施工作业工期信息模型的建立方法，并在实例中说明了两类子模型的关联。再以进度信息模型为主线，统计了实际消耗的人力、物料和设备等施工资源的量价信息，建立了三个成本信息子模型。此外，结合上下文感知和相似性度量法，提出了现场实时信息变化时的应变方法。最后，将此模型运用于北京市某公寓的地下工程实例，验证了它在新实体定义、属性集扩展和施工进度与成本信息的描述上的可行性，并指出了它的局限性和进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980's, China's construction industry has developed very rapidly. Buildings with more complex structures, more comprehensive functions and faster construction are everywhere. However, the construction process is becoming more and more complex, resulting in almost every project contains a large number of engineering attribute information, so it is difficult to exchange effective information among the construction agents. On the other hand, the different ways of processing construction information and the different formats of storing information are another key reason for the "isolated information island" among the construction parties. In addition, in the construction site, the real-time information of manpower, material and equipment directly related to the construction component is changeable, and it is difficult to realize the effective association and cooperation with the component information in the information space of BIM Building Information Modeling. Progress and cost control is the lifeline of project management, but the information of construction schedule and cost contained on each building component is difficult to be described effectively, and the intermediate document of standard format can not be formed for all parties to use. Based on the above environment, with the aid of the construction data exchange standard IFC(Industry Foundation Classes, this paper puts forward the construction schedule and cost context information model based on the organization, expression and sharing of the construction schedule and cost information. The purpose of this paper is to perfect the entity definition and engineering attribute set of each construction component, and to obtain the information of construction order, duration, amount of project and cost through the transfer of attribute information. Concretely, it analyzes the information of progress and cost in construction site, and defines the order, concurrency, selection and circulation of each component and its construction work. In this paper, four kinds of logical relation information models are established, and according to the duration information stored by the components, the method of establishing the construction operation duration information model is explained, and the correlation of the two submodels is illustrated in an example. Then, taking the progress information model as the main line, the quantity and price information of the construction resources such as manpower, materials and equipment consumed are counted, and three cost information submodels are established. In addition, based on context-awareness and similarity measurement, a strain method is proposed for the change of real-time information in the field. Finally, the model is applied to an underground engineering example of an apartment in Beijing, and its feasibility is verified in the definition of new entity, the extension of attribute set and the description of construction schedule and cost information. It also points out its limitation and the direction of further research.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU722

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